TL;DR: Phylogenetic analyses using nuclear and mitochondrial gene markers clearly support the monophyly of C. koikei sp.
Abstract: Spiders of the genus Cybaeus L. Koch, 1868 exhibit two major centers of diversity: Western North America and Japan. Several Japanese Cybaeus possess an elongated embolus in the male palp and elongated tubular spermathecae in the female genitalia. Here we describe Cybaeus koikei sp. nov. from central Honshu, Japan, which has an unelongated embolus and bulbous spermathecae. Phylogenetic analyses using nuclear and mitochondrial gene markers clearly support the monophyly of C. koikei sp. nov. and Cybaeus melanoparvus Kobayashi, 2006, a species with elongated genitalia. Both species share a similar habitus and a cluster of robust setae on the lateral surface of the male palpal patella. The latter is considered a synapomorphy for C. koikei sp. nov. and C. melanoparvus. A supplementary description of the spermathecae of C. melanoparvus is also provided.
TL;DR: The adenes species group of the Californian clade is reviewed, finding nine species of the adenes group have extremely restricted ranges in west central California from Sonoma and Napa Counties south to northern Monterey County and in eastcentral California from Placer and El Dorado Counties.
Abstract: Species of North American Cybaeus L. Koch (Araneae: Dictynoidea: Cybaeidae) are common moist-forest spiders classified in Holarctic and Californian clades. Here we review the adenes species group of the Californian clade. We recognize nine species: Cybaeus adenes Chamberlin Ivie, C. amicus Chamberlin Ivie, C. auburn Bennett spec. nov., C. grizzlyi Schenkel, C. pearcei Bennett spec. nov., C. reducens Chamberlin Ivie, C. sanbruno Bennett, C. schusteri Bennett spec. nov., and C. torosus Bennett spec. nov. The species of the adenes group have extremely restricted ranges in west central California from Sonoma and Napa Counties south to northern Monterey County and in east central California from Placer and El Dorado Counties. Descriptions, illustrations, range maps, and an identification key are provided for all species.
TL;DR: Four new species of Cybaeus L. Koch, 1868 appear to be endemic to South Korea and were collected from mixed forests in hilly and mountainous terrain.
Abstract: The males of four new species of Cybaeus L. Koch, 1868 (Cybaeus yeongwolensis sp. nov., Cybaeus culter sp. nov., Cybaeus vanimaculatus sp. nov., and Cybaeus pseudoauriculatus sp. nov.) are described from leaf litter habitats in South Korea. We provide diagnoses, detailed descriptions, a key to the males of Korean Cybaeus species, and a distribution map for these new species. They appear to be endemic to South Korea and were collected from mixed forests in hilly and mountainous terrain.
TL;DR: The species of the consocius group, a group of common moist-forest spiders classified in Holarctic and Californian clades, are reviewed, with descriptions, illustrations, distribution maps, and an identification key provided.
Abstract: Species of North American Cybaeus L. Koch (Araneae: RTA clade: Cybaeidae) are common moist-forest spiders classified in Holarctic and Californian clades. Here, in the third paper in a planned series reviewing the six Californian clade species groups, we review the species of the consocius group. We recognize nine species: Cybaeus consocius Chamberlin & Ivie, C. hesper Chamberlin & Ivie, C. hummeli Bennett spec. nov., C. opulentus spec. nov., C. pan Bennett spec. nov., C. penedentatus Bennett, C. simplex Roth, C. ubicki Bennett spec. nov., and C. vulpinus Bennett. Eight of these species have restricted distributions in the central Sierra Nevada Mountains of eastern California, U.S.A (C. opulentus, C. pan spec. nov., and C. vulpinus) or the central coast of western California (C. consocius, C. hesper, C. hummeli spec. nov., C. penedentatus, and C. ubicki spec. nov.); a single species (C. simplex), is relatively widely distributed in western Oregon, U.S.A. Descriptions, illustrations, distribution maps, and an identification key are provided as well as a discussion of conservation issues of relevance to the group.