TL;DR: The condition in these patients appears to fall most closely into the group of "connective tissue disorders," such as systemic lupus erythematosus, and the possible role of the cryoglobulins in the pathogenesis of the vascular and renal lesions is discussed.
TL;DR: The spectrum of this heterogeneous disease is explored by discussing the disease characteristics of 5 different patients by discussing how cryoglobulinemia affects clinical presentation, treatment, and underlying cause vary.
TL;DR: The presence of HCV RNA in the cryoglobulin and the parallelism of the changes of the Cryoglobulinemia and of the serum aminotransferases during recombinant interferon alfa administration suggest that HCV infection is responsible for the production of cryoglOBulinemi and vasculitis.
TL;DR: The single most important variable confounding standardization of cryoglobulin testing is the frequently improper separation of warm serum from other blood elements prior to screening and characterization.
Abstract: Cryoglobulins are immunoglobulins that precipitate as serum is cooled below core body temperatures. A cryoglobulin screen is the observation of a serum specimen collected and separated while warm for cryoprecipitation over a period of up to 7 days. Values of the screening may be reported as a cryocrit, which is the volume percent of the precipitate compared with the total volume of serum. Further proof that the precipitate is indeed a cryoglobulin can be obtained by demonstrating resolubilization with warming and immunochemical analysis by immunofixation. Detailed characterization of cryoglobulins may also require rigorous washing of the precipitate, quantitation of total protein and immunoglobulins, and evaluation of serum for monoclonal gammopathy, rheumatoid factor activity, evidence of complement activation, and presence of hepatitis C virus seroreactivity or hepatitis C virus RNA. The single most important variable confounding standardization of cryoglobulin testing is the frequently improper separation of warm serum from other blood elements prior to screening and characterization.