TL;DR: In this article, a piston and cylinder assembly for a gas powered gun, has a cylinder containing a piston rod slidingable movable between a loading position in which the leading end of the piston rod is in a withdrawn position, and a firing position where the piston has moved forwardly.
Abstract: A piston and cylinder assembly for a gas powered gun, has a cylinder containing a piston rod slidably movable between a loading position in which the leading end of the piston rod is in a withdrawn position, and a firing position in which the piston rod has moved forwardly. The cylinder has first and second chambers through which the piston rod extends, the cylinder being connectable to a pressurized gas supply supplying pressurized gas to the first chamber when the piston rod is in the loading position. The piston rod permits communication between the pressurized gas supply and the first chamber and prevents communication between the first and second chambers when in the loading position, and when in the firing position prevents communication between the pressurized gas supply and the first chamber and permits communication between the first chamber and the second chamber to cause pressurized gas in the first chamber to pass into the second chamber. The piston rod has a longitudinally extending passage extending from the front and rearwardly along the piston rod to a location where the passage communicates with the exterior of the piston rod. The location communicates with the second chamber when the piston rod is in the firing position to cause pressurized gas to pass from the second chamber into the longitudinally extending passage to the front end of the piston rod for propelling a projectile from the barrel of a gas powered gun.
TL;DR: In this article, an apparatus and a method of obtaining useful energy from wave action in a body of water is described, consisting of a cylinder, a reciprocal piston, a rod connected to the piston and extending sealably out of the cylinder.
Abstract: An apparatus and method of obtaining useful energy from wave action in a body of water. The apparatus comprises a cylinder, a reciprocal piston in the cylinder, a piston rod connected to the piston and extending sealably out of the cylinder, a mechanical tensioning device connected between the piston and the cylinder for maintaining resilient tension between the piston and the cylinder, a float connected to one of the piston rod or the cylinder, an anchor flexibly connected to the other of the piston rod or the cylinder which is not connected to the float, an inlet check valve and an outlet check valve connected to the cylinder, and a conduit extending from the outlet check to an area where water may be usefully employed. The mechanical tensioning device may be a spring or a weight and tether. The apparatus and method may be used to operate a hydroelectric generator.
TL;DR: In this article, the notch tensile strength of quenched and tempered AISI 4135 steel after hydrogen charging decreases with decreasing crosshead speed with increasing cross-head speed.
TL;DR: In this paper, a gas spring comprises a cylinder and a piston rod, which is axially movable with respect to the cylinder and has a fastening eye mounted on the outer end of the piston rod.
Abstract: According to an illustrative example of the invention, a gas spring comprises a cylinder and a piston rod. The piston rod is axially movable with respect to the cylinder and has a fastening eye mounted on the outer end of the piston rod. A tubular protection member surrounds an end portion of the cylinder adjacent to the end of the cylinder which is passed by the piston rod. The other end of the protection tube surrounds a holding disk fixed to the piston rod adjacent to the fastening eye. The protection tube and the piston rod define an air space therebetween. The air space is substantially tight against a liquid treating agent, such as a lacquer. On the other hand, the air space is in air flow connection with the surrounding atmosphere so that in response to axial movement of the piston rod with respect to the cylinder, excesssive pressure within the air space is prevented.
TL;DR: An expansion/compression mechanism of a piston rod assembly is composed of a bush shaft, a first cylindrical piston rod that is screwed with the bush shaft and a second cylinder-mounted holding member for housing these piston rods as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: An expansion/compression mechanism of a piston rod assembly is composed of a bush shaft, a first cylindrical piston rod that is screwed with the bush shaft, a second cylindrical piston rod that is screwed with the first piston rod, and a piston rod holding member for housing the bush shaft and these piston rods. Therefore, the piston rods move linearly in multiple stages.