TL;DR: Twenty-five species from New Zealand, the Subantarctic islands, and South America are described and classified into two series, Elongata and Radiata.
Abstract: Summary The taxonomic position, status, and characters of Cotula, and its subdivision into three sections are briefly described Section Leptinella is considered a well-defined taxon and its characters and relationships are discussed Twenty-five species from New Zealand, the Subantarctic islands, and South America are described and classified into two series, Elongata and Radiata The following new taxa and names are described: series Oligoleima (from Australia and New Guinea), Elongata and Radiata; five new species, C dispersa, C serrulata, C calcarea, C intermedia, and C nana; two new names, C albida and C membranacea; five new combinations, C rotundata, C traillii subsp pulchella, C pectinata subsp villosa, C pectinata subsp willcoxii, and C pyrethrifolia var linearifolia; four new subspecies, C dispersa subsp rupestris, C dioica subsp monoica, C squalida subsp mediana, and C atrata subsp luteola
TL;DR: The data support the conclusion that the ‘Cotuleae’ is an unnatural assemblage: Cotula, Leptinella, Nananthea and Soliva appear to form one close-knit group, and Dimorphocoma, Elachanthus and Isoetopsis another, while the remaining genera are highly diverse.
TL;DR: A phylogenetic study based on nrDNA ITS and cpDNA ndhF sequence variation for a complete generic sampling of this S hemisphere group of the tribe Anthemideae with its paramount importance for the understanding of the evolutionary history of this plant group.
Abstract: Twenty-nine genera of the tribe Anthemideae (Compositae) (111 genera, ca. 1,800 species) are either restricted to or have their distributional centre in the S hemisphere. We here present a phylogenetic study based on nrDNA ITS and cpDNA ndhF sequence variation for a complete generic sampling of this S hemisphere group of the tribe with its paramount importance for the understanding of the evolutionary history of this plant group. Our results corroborate the paraphyletic nature of the S hemisphere group of Anthemideae as a whole and of the four subtribes (Ursiniinae, Gonosperminae, Thaminophyllinae, Matricariinae) erected by Bremer and Humphries (1993) to accommodate its members. We further show that the genus Osmitopsis and the Cotula- group hold a basal position in the tribe. Members of the subtribe Ursiniinae (that is characterised by the possession of anthers with polarised endothecial tissue) form a paraphyletic group that may, together with a strongly supported monophyletic group around the genus Pentzia, contain the sister group(s) of the Asian and Mediterranean clades of the tribe. As a consequence of the non-monophyletic nature of the subtribes according to Bremer and Humphries (1993), we discuss an alternative generic grouping of the S hemisphere Anthemideae.
TL;DR: The results signify that the facilitative role of AMF communities in invasion by some alien plants is contingent upon neighbour identity and the present approach provides not only a framework for further examination of the invasive plant–soil biota feedback, but also many important management implications.
TL;DR: The molecular data show that lineages within the clade of Mediterranean and Eurasian representatives characterized by a 17bp deletion in ITS2 diverged in the Middle Miocene and first efforts are made to date the diversification of members of the tribe based on sequence divergence rates.