Topic
Cotinis nitida
About: Cotinis nitida is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 32 publications have been published within this topic receiving 486 citations.
Papers
TL;DR: This study suggests that witllolding irrigation during peak flight of beetles, raising cutting height, and light application of aluminum sulfate in spring may help to reduce the severity of subsequent grub infestations.
Abstract: Cultural practices were manipulated before or during seasonal flights of Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman, and masked chafers, Cyclocephala spp., to study effects on grub densities in tall fescue or Kentucky bluegrass turf. Masked chafer grubs were consistently smaller and less abundant in turf that had been treated with aluminum sulfate to reduce soil pH and in high-mown turf. High mowing or application of aluminum sulfate before beetle flights reduced total biomass of white grubs in tall fescue by as much as 55 and 77%, respectively. However, where spatial gradients in soil moisture occur, the positive response of grub populations to moisture may override effects of those treatments. Grub densities were not affected by spring applications of lime or urea or by aerification of plots before beetle flights. Plots that were irrigated during beetle flights incurred significantly higher densities of both P. japonica and Cyclocephala spp. grubs than did nonirrigated turf. The use of a 2,247- kg roller to compact the soil before beetle flights did not affect subsequent grub populations, and the roller was not effective for remedial control of 3rd instars in the fall. Application of organic fertilizers (composted cow manure or activated sewage sludge) resulted in significant increases in grubs of green June beetle, Cotinis nitida L., in 1 of 2 yr. Cultural practices may have general or species-specific effects on densities of white grubs. This study suggests that witllolding irrigation during peak flight of beetles, raising cutting height, and light application of aluminum sulfate in spring may help to reduce the severity of subsequent grub infestations.
85 citations
TL;DR: It has been shown from metabolism experiments that intensive histolysis occurs during the prepupal period and becomes less intensive during pupal development, and a greater amount of energy change during embryonic development as compared to the energy developed during metamorphosis.
Abstract: 1. For species of insects that deposit their eggs on foliage, as Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Crioceris asparagi, and Anasa tristis, the rates of metabolism as measured by the CO2 output or the oxygen intake indicate, during embryonic development, a short formative period, followed by a very active extended growth. Those species that deposit their eggs in the soil, as Cotinis nitida and Popillia japonica, show that the formative period is greatly extended and the growth period similarly lengthened. 2. It has been shown from metabolism experiments that intensive histolysis occurs during the prepupal period and becomes less intensive during pupal development. 3. Metabolism experiments show a greater amount of energy change during embryonic development as compared to the energy developed during metamorphosis. This is shown by the greater CO2 output and by the oxygen intake. 4. Low respiratory quotients, varying from 0.42 to 0.71, have been obtained during the embryonic and pupal development of insects, resembling similar low quotients obtained with hibernating forms. 5. Changes from a neutral to an acid reaction (pH 6.8 to 5.9) have been observed to take place in some species during prepupal and early pupal development. As metamorphosis is completed a converse change occurs (pH 5.9 to 6.8). Changes in pH from an acid to neutral reaction were also observed to take place in some species, as Cotinis nitida and Hylemyia cilicrura, during embryonic development.
73 citations
TL;DR: The pathogenicity of the entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Steinernema glaseri, and S. scarabaei against third instars of 12 white grub species was compared to find the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica) was highly susceptible to all nematode species.
Abstract: We compared the pathogenicity of the entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Steinernema glaseri, and S. scarabaei against third instars of 12 white grub species. The Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica) was highly susceptible to all nematode species. Oriental beetle [Exomala (=Anomala) orientalis], European chafer (Rhizotrogus majalis), Asiatic garden beetle (Maladera castanea), and the May/June beetles Phyllophaga crinita, Ph. congrua, and Ph. (Subgenus Phytalus) georgiana were highly susceptible to S. scarabaei but had mediocre to low susceptibility to H. bacteriophora and S. glaseri. The black turfgrass ataenius (Ataenius spretulus) was very susceptible to H. bacteriophora but had mediocre susceptibility to S. glaseri and S. scarabaei. Northern (Cyclocephala borealis) and southern masked chafer (C. lurida) had mediocre and southwestern masked chafer (C. pasadenae) and green June beetle (Cotinis nitida) had low susceptibility to all nematode species.
67 citations
TL;DR: Establishment and spread of JB throughout fruit-growing regions of the United States is likely to elevate the pest status of GJB and other pests of ripening fruits in vineyards and orchards.
Abstract: Invasive species' facilitation, or benefiting, of native species is rarely considered in biological invasion literature but could have serious economic consequences should a non-native herbivore facilitate injury by a native pest of high-value crops. Japanese beetle (JB), Popillia japonica, a polyphagous scarab, facilitates feeding by the obligate fruit-feeding native green June beetle (GJB), Cotinis nitida, by biting into intact grape berries that GJB, which has blunt spatulate mandibles, is otherwise unable to exploit. Here, we show JB further facilitates GJB by contaminating fruits with yeasts, and by creating infection courts for yeasts associated with GJB, that elicit volatiles exploited as aggregation kairomones by GJB. Traps baited with combinations of grapes and beetles were used to show that fruits injured by JB alone, or in combination with GJB, become highly attractive to both sexes of GJB. Such grapes emit high amounts of fermentation compounds compared with intact grapes. Beetle feeding on grape mash induced the same volatiles as addition of winemaker's yeast, and similar attraction of GJB in the field. Eight yeast species were isolated and identified from JB collected from grapevine foliage. Establishment and spread of JB throughout fruit-growing regions of the United States is likely to elevate the pest status of GJB and other pests of ripening fruits in vineyards and orchards.
42 citations
TL;DR: A trapping study was conducted in an apple variety block to determine if feeding green June beetles, Cotinis nitida (L.) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), produce semiochemicals that induce their aggregation.
Abstract: A trapping study was conducted in an apple variety block to determine if feeding green June beetles (GJB), Cotinis nitida (L.) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), produce semiochemicals that induce their aggregation. Yellow baffle and funnel traps were baited with fruit only (ripe peach slices), three males and three females (no fruit), six males (fruit access blocked), six males (free access to fruit), six females (fruit access blocked), and six females (free access to fruit). Traps were arranged in a Latin cube design (six row × six column) and randomized daily for 6 d. Analysis of data showed that column, day, treatment, and day by treatment interaction were significant sources of variation ( P < 0.01). Males or females feeding on ripe peach attracted significantly higher numbers of male and female beetles than all other treatments (Waller-Duncan k -ratio t test, k = 100, P < 0.05).
37 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2019 | 2 |
| 2016 | 2 |
| 2015 | 2 |
| 2014 | 1 |
| 2012 | 1 |
| 2010 | 2 |