TL;DR: Diet is very varied, e.g. vegetable matter, including seeds, fruits and bulbs; insect matter, especially dung-beetles; vertebrates, such as amphibia and small chickens; Indigestible matter is regurgitated in pellets.
Abstract: Summary.
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The habits of the Black Crow in Eastern Cape Province are described. Resident pairs are strongly territorial, but roving flocks feed over wide areas.
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Main breeding season is from August to November.
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Incubation period about 18 days, both parents sharing incubation.
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Nestling period about 38 days, both parents feeding young.
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Diet is very varied, e.g. vegetable matter, including seeds, fruits and bulbs; insect matter, especially dung-beetles; vertebrates, such as amphibia and small chickens. Indigestible matter is regurgitated in pellets.
TL;DR: Twenty-six previously described species of Philopterus are recognized and redescribed and nine new species are described.
Abstract: Seventeen previously described species of Philopterus are recognized and redescribed. Nine new species are described: clayae (type host Corvus capensis), ptilostomi (type host Ptilostomus afer), dumani (type host Pyrrhocorax graculus), cubensis (type host Corvus nasicus), urocissae (type host Urocissa caerulea), etnersoni (type host Dendrocitta formosae), dalgleishi (type host Corvus tasinanicus), craigi (type host Corvus coronoides) , and palmai (type host Corvus moneduloides). Philopterus cristata Malcomson and P. vagabunda Ansari are placed as new junior synonyms of P. crassipes (Burmeister). A key is provided for the identification of these 26 species.
TL;DR: In this paper, roadside counts of Pied Crows were made in Madagascar and Cameroon to search for preferred biotopes among natural reserves, artificial pastures, cultivations and towns, while roadside counts in Botswana and Kenya served to compare the Pied Crow and the Somali Crow Corvus edithae, a species probably more similar to common ancestors, in terms of their association with wild and domestic ungulates.
Abstract: The frequently reported close association between the Pied Crow and man suggests a possible explanation for the crow’s wide distribution throughout sub-Saharan Africa, but the mode and origin of this association have received little attention. In the present study, roadside counts of Pied Crows were made in Madagascar and Cameroon to search for preferred biotopes among natural reserves, artificial pastures, cultivations and towns, while roadside counts in Botswana and Kenya served to compare the Pied Crow and the Somali Crow Corvus edithae , a species probably more similar to common ancestors, in terms of their association with wild and domestic ungulates. The occurrence of the sympatric Cape Crow Corvus capensis , assumed to be a less human-dependent species, was also taken into consideration for the association with ungulates. Pied Crow biotope preference was similar in both Madagascar and Cameroon and the combined data showed a significant preference for artificial pasture over cultivation and artificial pasture over natural reserve, and the preference for artificial pasture over town was near to significance. The combined data of the Pied Crow in Botswana and the Somali Crow in Kenya showed a significant preference for domestic ungulates. However, this preference may have been weaker in Kenya, the Somali Crow being rather similar to the Cape Crow in this respect. The Pied and Somali Crows may have diverged somewhere around Ethiopia and the Pied Crow may have expanded its range by following the environmental changes made by ungulate-raising people, who created new savanna-like biotopes. OSTRICH 2010, 81(3): 243–246