TL;DR: Attempts to fertilize the female gametes of eleven separate clones of dioecious Chara by sperm from morphologically similar, but monoecious, plants were unsuccessful; very few germlings were obtained, and without exception the latter proved incapable of further reproductive success.
Abstract: Attempts were made to fertilize the female gametes of eleven separate clones of dioecious Chara by sperm from morphologically similar, but monoecious, plants. Most attempts were unsuccessful, but in some instances it was found possible to fertilize the eggs of dioecious C. australis by sperm of monoecious C. corallina, C. preissii by C. gymnopitys, and C. connivens by C. globularis. Subsequent efforts to germinate the resulting hybrid oospores were largely unsuccessful; very few germlings were obtained, and without exception the latter proved incapable of further reproductive success. Monoecism and dioecism appear to be reliable indicators of reproductive isolation within the Charophyta.
TL;DR: The study of collections of articulated coralline algae from California and the examination of types in European herbaria have provided information on which to amplify previous descriptions and revise nomenclature.
Abstract: The study of collections of articulated coralline algae from California and the examination of types in European herbaria have provided information on which to amplify previous descriptions and revise nomenclature. Also, several populations representing a new species, Arthrocardia silvae, have been discovered in the northern part of the state. This is the first species of Arthrocardia recorded from North America. It is represented by plants less than 2 cm high in which the pores of tetrasporangial conceptacles are eccentric. Other corallines discussed are: Chiharaea bodegensis, in which carposporophytes have broad, thin, fusion cells with carposporangial filaments arising from upper surfaces; Haliptylon gracilis, which is transferred from Corallina; two species of Jania, J. adhaerens and J. crassa, both of which occur in southern California; and Serraticardia macmillanii, in which conceptacle position is clarified.