TL;DR: This is the second edition of an account of the mathematical foundations of logic programming, which collects, in a unified and comprehensive manner, the basic theoretical results of the field, which have previously only been available in widely scattered research papers.
Abstract: This is the second edition of an account of the mathematical foundations of logic programming. Its purpose is to collect, in a unified and comprehensive manner, the basic theoretical results of the field, which have previously only been available in widely scattered research papers. In addition to presenting the technical results, the book also contains many illustrative examples and problems. The text is intended to be self-contained, the only prerequisites being some familiarity with PROLOG and knowledge of some basic undergraduate mathematics. The material is suitable either as a reference book for researchers or as a textbook for a graduate course on the theoretical aspects of logic programming and deductive database systems.
TL;DR: A comparison of first- and second-order logic in the case of SETs shows that the former is more likely to be correct and the latter is less likely.
TL;DR: This paper is primarily concerned with a special case of one of the leading problems of mathematical logic, the problem of finding a regular procedure to determine the truth or falsity of any given logical formula.
Abstract: This paper is primarily concerned with a special case of one of the leading problems of mathematical logic, the problem of finding a regular procedure to determine the truth or falsity of any given logical formula*. But in the course of this investigation it is necessary to use certain theorems on combinations which have an independent interest and are most conveniently set out by themselves beforehand.
Abstract: Publisher Summary
This chapter focuses on logic programming, which is closely related to PROLOG. Logic programming constitutes the theoretical framework of PROLOG. This close connection led to the adoption of logic programming as the basis for the influential Japanese Fifth Generation Project. The power of logic programming stems from two reasons. First, it is an extremely simple formalism. It also relies on mathematical logic, which developed its own methods and techniques and which provides a rigorous mathematical framework. The chapter presents a self-contained introduction to the theory of logic programming. It also discusses the causal dependence between various concepts and notions and presents the notion of SLD-resolution, which is central to the subject of logic programming.