Compound s

Abstract: SU-4885 inhibits 11β-hydroxylation of steroids by the human adrenal cortexand leads to a decrease in cortisol secretion, a “compensatory” rise in ACTH secretion, and the secretion of large quantities of 11-desoxycorticosteroids such as compound S. Compound S and its metabolites are readily measurable in biologic fluids as 17-hydroxycorticoids. In normal subjects, therefore, SU-4885 induces a rise in total blood and urinary 17-hydroxycorticoids. Since this response to SU-4885 is dependent upon a rise in ACTH secretion it affords, in patients who do not have frank adrenal insufficiency, a sensitive means of testing the reserve capacity of the pituitary gland to secrete ACTH. Of 9 patients with chromophobe adenomas tested in this manner, 6 were found to have “limited pituitary reserve.” This was true also of 2 out of 5 patients with acromegaly, 3 out of 6 patients with cachexia, and 1 patient with post-traumaticdiabetes insipidus. Of 7 patients with active Cushing's disease due to adrenal hyperplasi...

Abstract: The aromas of fruits, vegetables, and flowers are mixtures of volatile metabolites, often present in parts per billion levels or less. We show here that tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants transgenic for a heterologous Clarkia breweri S-linalool synthase (LIS) gene, under the control of the tomato late-ripening-specific E8 promoter, synthesize and accumulate S-linalool and 8-hydroxylinalool in ripening fruits. Apart from the difference in volatiles, no other phenotypic alterations were noted, including the levels of other terpenoids such as gamma- and alpha-tocopherols, lycopene, beta-carotene, and lutein. Our studies indicate that it is possible to enhance the levels of monoterpenes in ripening fruits by metabolic engineering.

Abstract: The use of sulfur in the next generation Li-ion batteries is currently precluded by its poor cycling stability caused by irreversible Li 2 S formation and the dissolution of soluble polysulfi des in organic electrolytes that leads to parasitic cell reactions Here, a new C/S cathode material comprising short-chain sulfur species (predominately S 2 ) confi ned in carbonaceous subnanometer and the unique charge mechanism for the subnano-entrapped S 2 cathodes are reported The fi rst charge‐discharge cycle of the C/S cathode in the carbonate electrolyte forms a new type of thiocarbonate-like solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) The SEI coated C/S cathode stably delivers ≈600 mAh g −1 capacity over 4020 cycles (00014% loss cycle −1 ) at ≈100% Coulombic effi ciency Extensive X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the discharged cathodes shows a new type of S 2 species and a new carbide-like species simultaneously, and both peaks disappear upon charging These data suggest a new sulfur redox mechanism involving a separated Li + /S 2− ion couple that precludes Li 2 S compound

Abstract: Calcium sulfoaluminate, C4A3S or CSA, often known as Klein s compound, can be readily synthesized as a single phase at about 1300°C. It is also formed along with belite and a ferrite phase when limestone is reacted with various minerals or waste products at 1200–1300°C. The presence of CSA can lead to early strength development, and such systems may be regarded as low-energy cements, providing environmental benefits, notably emission of less carbon dioxide than in the production of Portland cement. Under controlled, specified conditions, usually including addition of gypsum, the hydration of CSA gives acceptable setting times and good strength development. These properties are based on the rapid formation of ettringite and variable quantities of an amorphous gel phase. These characteristics have already led to the formulation of various commercial products taking advantage of these special properties for applications in building chemistry and mining. Further systematic research is required leading to grea...