Topic
Comfrey
About: Comfrey is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 255 publications have been published within this topic receiving 3661 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
1 / 2
Papers
TL;DR: The carcinogenicity of Symphytum officinale L., Russian comfrey, used as a green vegetable or tonic, was studied in inbred ACI rats and Hepatocellular adenomas were induced in all experimental groups that received the diets containing comfrey roots and leaves.
Abstract: The carcinogenicity of Symphytum officinale L., Russian comfrey, used as a green vegetable or tonic, was studied in inbred ACI rats. Three groups of 19--28 rats each were fed comfrey leaves for 480--600 days; four additional groups of 15--24 rats were fed comfrey roots for varying lengths of time. A control group was given a normal diet. Hepatocellular adenomas were induced in all experimental groups that received the diets containing comfrey roots and leaves. Hemangioendothelial sarcoma of the liver was infrequently induced.
113 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of extraction techniques on physicochemical properties and activities of polysaccharides from comfrey root (CRPs) were evaluated by using four methods including hot water extraction, ultrasonic assistance extraction, enzyme assistance extraction and enzyme-ultrasonic extraction (EUA).
101 citations
TL;DR: Overall, comfrey is mutagenic in liver, and PA contained in comfrey appear to be responsible for comfrey-induced toxicity and tumor induction.
Abstract: Comfrey has been consumed by humans as a vegetable and a tea and used as an herbal medicine for more than 2000 years. Comfrey, however, produces hepatotoxicity in livestock and humans and carcinogenicity in experimental animals. Comfrey contains as many as 14 pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA), including 7-acetylintermedine, 7-acetyllycopsamine, echimidine, intermedine, lasiocarpine, lycopsamine, myoscorpine, symlandine, symphytine, and symviridine. The mechanisms underlying comfrey-induced genotoxicity and carcinogenicity are still not fully understood. The available evidence suggests that the active metabolites of PA in comfrey interact with DNA in liver endothelial cells and hepatocytes, resulting in DNA damage, mutation induction, and cancer development. Genotoxicities attributed to comfrey and riddelliine (a representative genotoxic PA and a proven rodent mutagen and carcinogen) are discussed in this review. Both of these compounds induced similar profiles of 6,7-dihydro-7-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-5H-pyrrolizine (DHP)-derived DNA adducts and similar mutation spectra. Further, the two agents share common mechanisms of drug metabolism and carcinogenesis. Overall, comfrey is mutagenic in liver, and PA contained in comfrey appear to be responsible for comfrey-induced toxicity and tumor induction.
77 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate the extraction conditions of polysaccharides from comfrey (Symphytum officinale L.) root (CRPs) using response surface methodology (RSM).
75 citations
63 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2022 | 1 |
| 2021 | 12 |
| 2020 | 11 |
| 2019 | 6 |
| 2018 | 14 |
| 2017 | 9 |