Abstract: Electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain-computer interfaces (BCI) have been studied for several decades since the 1970s. Current BCI research mainly aims to provide a new communication channel to patients with motor disabilities to improve their quality of life. The BCI technology can also benefit normal healthy users; however, little progress has been made in real-world practices due to low BCI performance caused by technical limits of EEG. To overcome this bottleneck, this study uses a collaborative BCI to improve overall performance through integrating information from multiple users. A dataset involving 15 subjects participating in a Go/NoGo decision-making experiment was used to evaluate the collaborative method. Using collaborative computing techniques, the classification accuracy for predicting a Go/NoGo decision was enhanced substantially from 75.8% to 91.4%, 97.6%, and 99.1% as the number of subjects increased from 1 to 5, 10, and 15, respectively. These results suggest that a collaborative BCI can effectively fuse brain activities of a group of people to improve human behavior.

Abstract: This chapter presents an innovative description of the Jigsaw collaboration method, in the form of an online, adaptive collaborative design-pattern that has been constructed taking into account adaptation techniques, within the context of open-source learning design-based environments such as LAMS. This method is described with special reference to the learning of essential issues in Computer Science and especially in the area of programming languages. These issues include an understanding of: (a) basic elements of structured programming languages, (b) the rapid evolution of the area of programming languages, (c) the learning of programming languages’ levels and techniques. The innovative description of the Jigsaw collaborative method within LAMS is based on the fact that: (a) the tasks assigned to the expert groups consist of investigation of real world scenarios and not merely the study of learning material as is usually proposed, (b) adaptive techniques are integrated with the method and (c) for the design of the collaborative learning activity, an intuitive learning design tool like LAMS is used.

Abstract: A collaborative optimization algorithm under a control framework is developed for the asymmetric traveling salesman problem (ATSP). The collaborative approach is not just a simple combination of two methods, but a deep collaboration in a manner like the feedback control. A notable feature of the approach is to make use of the collaboration to reduce the search space while maintaining the optimality. Compared with the previous work of the reduction procedure by Carpaneto, Dell'Amico et al. (1995) we designed a tighter and more generalized reduction procedure to make the collaborative method more powerful. Computational experiments on benchmark problems are given to exemplify the approach.

Abstract: Research on learning systems has led to the development of Adaptive Educational Hypermedia (AEH) systems that offer students adaptive learning and free exploratory lessons Developing learning spaces for AEH, however, requires a lot of effort due to the complexity of the learning resources, consisting of learning content, domain knowledge and pedagogical knowledge, which are completed with adaptation rules Current authoring tools for adaptive learning present drawbacks in terms of the reusability of their output and their collaborative work features In this paper, a proposed collaborative authoring approach for developing adaptive learning resources is presented The advantages of the proposed approach lie in the application of a collaborative method; the use of a learning standard, IMS Learning Design, for reusability and extensibility reasons; and the repurposing of learning materials available in existing open content systems

Abstract: SummarySpecification by Example is an emerging practice for creating software based on realistic examples, bridging the communication gap between business stakeholders and the dev teams building the software. In this book, author Gojko Adzic distills interviews with successful teams worldwide, sharing how they specify, develop, and deliver software, without defects, in short iterative delivery cycles. About the TechnologySpecification by Example is a collaborative method for specifying requirements and tests. Seven patterns, fully explored in this book, are key to making the method effective. The method has four main benefits: it produces living, reliable documentation; it defines expectations clearly and makes validation efficient; it reduces rework; and, above all, it assures delivery teams and business stakeholders that the software that's built is right for its purpose. About the BookThis book distills from the experience of leading teams worldwide effective ways to specify, test, and deliver software in short, iterative delivery cycles. Case studies in this book range from small web startups to large financial institutions, working in many processes including XP, Scrum, and Kanban. Who Should Read this BookThis book is written for developers, testers, analysts, and business people working together to build great software. What's Inside Common process patterns How to avoid bad practices Fitting SBE in your process 50+ case studies For additional resources go to specificationbyexample.com. =============================================== Table of Contents Part 1 Getting started Key benefits Key process patterns Living documentation Initiating the changes Part 2 Key process patterns Deriving scope from goals Specifying collaboratively Illustrating using examples Refining the specification Automating validation without changing specifications Validating frequently Evolving a documentation system Part 3 Case studies uSwitch RainStor Iowa Student Loan Sabre Airline Solutions ePlan Services Songkick Concluding thoughts