Showing papers on "Cloud computing published in 1973"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed axisymmetric and slab-symmetric cumulus cloud models with Kessler's parameterizations for microphysical processes, and compared the results of the two models of different geometries and concluded that the vertical pressure gradient force due to perturbed pressure is of the same order of magnitude as that of the thermal buoyancy force in the core region of the cloud.
Abstract: Axisymmetric and slab-symmetric cumulus cloud models with Kessler's parameterizations for microphysical processes are developed. By using a staggered grid arrangement and applying a modified upstream difference scheme, erroneous behavior in the center of a simulated cloud, which would result with the use of the ordinary upstream difference scheme, is eliminated. A comparison between the present two models of different geometries confirms in general the conclusions reached in previous studies: the updraft in an aixsymmetric model grows more vigorously than in a slab-symmetric model. However, the ratio of the maximum updraft in the slab-symmetric model to that in the axisymmetric model is 0.53 in this study, notably larger than Murray's 0.12. An analysis of the pressure gradient force associated with could motions reveals that the vertical pressure gradient force due to perturbed pressure is: 1) of the same order of magnitudes as that of the thermal buoyancy force in the core region of the cloud; i...
162 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a vertical plate, steady-flow, thermal diffusion chamber designed for use as a cloud condensation nucleus counter is described, where phoretic forces are shown to limit the maximum available growth time to a value eight times larger than the growth time available in conventional horizontal plate chambers.
Abstract: A vertical plate, steady-flow, thermal diffusion chamber designed for use as a cloud condensation nucleus counter is described. In this instrument, phoretic forces are shown to limit the maximum available growth time to a value eight times larger than the growth time available in conventional horizontal plate chambers. This additional growth time is shown to be necessary when operating at supersaturations below 0.2%. Experiments and calculations concerning convection currents in the vertical chamber are also presented.
46 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple objective technique is presented that integrates satellite-measured infrared radiation temperatures with the National Meteorological Center objective temperature analysis to yield cloud height and amount classification for small grid squares.
Abstract: A simple objective technique is presented that integrates satellite-measured infrared radiation temperatures with the National Meteorological Center objective temperature analysis to yield cloud height and amount classification for small grid squares. Sample of cloud information obtained by this technique from ITOS 1 data over the United States show good agreement with cloud observations obtained by surface observers and from aircraft reports. The method is completely automated and can be used to produce cloud analyses on a global scale.
21 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, observations of the droplet size distribution at fixed levels in cumulus cloud for periods ranging from 13 to 44 min indicate that there is little change with time in the shape of the distribution or in the mean droplet diameter.
Abstract: Observations of the droplet size distribution at fixed levels in cumulus cloud for periods ranging from 13–44 min indicate that there is little change with time in the shape of the distribution or in the mean droplet diameter. The number concentration increases initially and then decreases, with the greatest relative changes occurring in the upper levels of the cloud.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a shorter report on research in the communications field is devoted to shorter reports on shorter reports about research in communications field, and readers are invited to submit summaries of investigative studies interesting for content, method or implications for further research.
Abstract: This department is devoted to shorter reports on research in the communications field. Readers are invited to submit summaries of investigative studies interesting for content, method or implications for further research.
6 citations
6 citations
TL;DR: A method for continuously monitoring a city-wide pollution cloud using optical techniques and an automatic rotating polarizing filter is used in conjunction with a commercially available time-lapse camera to provide maximum image contrast under all ambient light conditions.
Abstract: A method for continuously monitoring a city-wide pollution cloud using optical techniques is described. An automatic rotating polarizing filter is used in conjunction with a commercially available time-lapse camera to provide maximum image contrast under all ambient light conditions. The circuitry used to actuate the polarizing filter is described in detail.