Topic
Clotting functions
About: Clotting functions is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3 publications have been published within this topic receiving 12 citations.
Papers
21 Nov 2011
TL;DR: Although fibrin glue has been used in a variety of surgical procedures for the prevention of bleeding, it has been especially useful in heparinized patients undergoing cardiovascular procedures requiring extracorporeal circulation, as it does not need an intact hemostatic system to be effective.
Abstract: For decades, platelet concentrates have been a standard transfusion component for the treatment of clotting disorders. They are prepared from the whole blood within 24 hours from collection from voluntary blood donors by means of differential centrifugation of platelet rich plasma (PRP) or by the apheresis and stored at room temperature with a maximum shelf life of 7 days. They are transfused to the patients who suffer from thrombocytopenia or some other platelet disorder in order to sustain the haemostatic function. Freezing platelets is feasible but results in poor recovery, although the platelets retain their clotting functions after thawing. The use of platelets is permanently increasing, due to advanced surgical and other therapies and they are considered vital products in blood banking today (Brecher, 2005). Apart from their clotting functions, platelets have been shown to possess some other evolutionary highly conserved biological functions, such as immune defence, tissue forming and regeneration. These properties are now clinically used by the virtue of platelet gel preparations. Technically, the clinical precursor of platelet gel has been fibrin glue that was composed of two separate solutions fibrinogen and thrombin. When mixed together, these agents were similar to the last stages of the clotting cascade in forming a fibrin clot. Fibrinogen has been obtained from pooled allogeneic single-donor plasma units and from the autologous blood of the patients and has been usually isolated by the process of cryoprecipitation. The additional thrombin component has been generally derived from commercial bovine sources. Some investigators have even added calcium chloride and/or antifibrinolytics (i.e., aminocaproic acid, aprotinin) to their preparations in order to enhance the clot formation. Although fibrin glue has been used in a variety of surgical procedures for the prevention of bleeding, it has been especially useful in heparinized patients undergoing cardiovascular procedures requiring extracorporeal circulation, as it does not need an intact hemostatic system to be effective. Fibrin glue has also been evaluated in the presealing of woven or knitted Dacron vascular grafts. The major drawback to its use has been attributed to the potential risk of transmitted serological disease from pooled and single-donor blood donors, so the patient's own blood was considered to be the safest preparation to prepare fibrin glue. Overall, fibrin glue is a useful adjunct to other methods to control bleeding in selected surgical patients (Thompson et al., 1988; Lee & Kang, 2011).
12 citations
TL;DR: The ability of lymph to clot indicates that similar to blood vessels lymphatics must have means to counteract this process as mentioned in this paper, and lymphatic hemostatic properties, tailoring them for the potential therapeutic applications.
Abstract: The ability of lymph to clot indicates that similar to blood vessels lymphatics must have means to counteract this process. We analyzed their hemostatic properties, tailoring them for the potential therapeutic applications. Inflammatory stimuli induced tissue factor-dependent focal lymph clotting while blocking thrombomodulin lead to widespread but also transient occlusion of collecting vessels. Decellularization of lymphatics resulted in tissue factor-independent lymphatic occlusion by wide-spread and persistent lymph clots. These decellularized basement membrane remnants of collectors were capable of macromolecules drainage and leukocytes transit only when lymph clotting was inhibited with heparin. In occluded ghost vessels, fibrin was replaced with transient basement membrane-rich inclusions to be eventually reperfused. During regeneration, ghost vessels were filled with granuloma-like clusters of antigen-presenting and T cells. Despite that, immune response against allografts placed under non-drained skin was not developed as long lymphatics remained occluded, and graft survival was prolonged together with the delay of lymphatic regeneration with anti-lymphangiogenic therapy. Other potential applications of lymphatic hemostatic control functions include blocking pathogen or metastasis spread but also should be considered in the treatment of lymphedema.
2 citations
1 Jan 1985
TL;DR: The well defined knowledge of hemostatic changes, and of their relationship with diabetes and its vascular complications is still relatively little, due to the fact that diabetes is still an heterogeneous syndrome resulting from a number of causes.
Abstract: Cardiovacular complications are very common in patients with diabetes mellitus and play an important role in the natural history of diabetes. Therefore, many investigations were directed toward the study of the genesis of such complications. Platelets and blood clotting have been investigated in the light of their possible importance in the development of occlusive vascular disease. However, in spite of extensive investigations in this field, the well defined knowledge of hemostatic changes, and of their relationship with diabetes and its vascular complications is still relatively little. This probably depends on the fact that diabetes is still an heterogeneous syndrome resulting from a number of causes; moreover, its severe metabolic changes can by themselves affect platelet and clotting functions, and clinically undetectable complications may represent both a cause and an effect of hemostatic changes.
1 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 1 |
| 2011 | 1 |
| 1985 | 1 |