Showing papers on "Cholera vaccine published in 1979"
TL;DR: Immunization with either toxoid in combination with the bivalent vaccine resulted in a synergistic protective response against live-cell challenge of intestinal loops with V. cholerae, and maximum protection was obtained when rabbits were immunized with the combined toxoid-whole-cell vaccine administered by both oral and parenteral routes.
Abstract: Rabbits were immunized with two parenteral injections of Wellcome toxoid PX389A, Wyeth toxoid 20101, or Merck bivalent vaccine. Other groups of rabbits were immunized with combinations of the Merck vaccine and each of the two toxoids. Antitoxin responses were monitored in each group of rabbits before livecell challenge of each animal by the ligated intestinal loop assay. Inaba and Ogawa strains of Vibrio cholerae were used for challenge experiments. Basically, the data indicate that the toxoids were equivalent in antigenic potency and antitoxin responses were unaffected by combination of the toxoids with the whole-cell vaccine. The 50 microgram doses of each toxoid as well as the 4 X 10(9) cells of the bivalent vaccine provided the same magnitude of protection against live-cell challenge with either Inaba or Ogawa vibrios. Immunization with either toxoid in combination with the bivalent vaccine resulted in a synergistic protective response against live-cell challenge of intestinal loops with V. cholerae. Synergistic protection was observed when toxoid and vaccine were administered together by the oral and parenteral routes. Maximum protection was obtained when rabbits were immunized with the combined toxoid-whole-cell vaccine administered by both oral and parenteral routes.
29 citations
TL;DR: A live cholera vaccine was developed from a virulent avian septicemia strain of Pasteurella multocida serotype 1. as discussed by the authors The virulent parental strain was mutagenized with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitroso guanidine.
Abstract: A live cholera vaccine was developed from a virulent avian septicemia strain of Pasteurella multocida serotype 1. The virulent parental strain was mutagenized with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitroso guanidine. Mutants were selected that had either smaller colonies at 37 C or temperature sensitivity for growth at 41 C. Four small-colony mutants and 2 temperature-sensitive mutants were studied. All the mutants were avirulent for turkeys. Sixteen days after turkeys were vaccinated with each mutant, both the vaccinates and unvaccinated controls were challenge-exposed to virulent P. multocida of the homologous serotype and the heterologous serotype 3. Two of the small-colony mutant strains protected against both homologous and heterologous challenge. Suggested for a live cholera vaccine is P. multocida M3G, a small-colony-forming mutant, innocuous for both mice and turkeys and stable against reversion.
11 citations
TL;DR: Eight weeks after the onset of the arthritis all signs and symptoms had disappeared and no antibodies could be detected against the isolated strain.
Abstract: agglutinating antibodies could be detected against the isolated strain, but by the time the enteritis was over the titre had risen to 1/1280. When we saw the patient in our outpatient clinic the titre had declined to 1/160. After the arthritis had disappeared no antibodies could be detected. Radiological examination of the sacroiliac and ankle joints showed no abnormalities. Tissue typing showed HLA-A 2,28; B 12,27. Eight weeks after the onset of the arthritis all signs and symptoms had disappeared.
11 citations
Journal Article•
9 citations
TL;DR: The freeze-dried cholera and typhoid vaccines were both very stable, retaining fully potency after at least 12 weeks' exposure to 37 degrees C.
4 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The antibody response to a two-dose immunization schedule was substantially superior to that after a one-dose schedule and the adsorbed vaccine elicited higher and longer lasting immune response than the plain one.
4 citations
1 Jan 1979
TL;DR: The conclusion of the assessment is that these aluminum adjuvanated whole cell and toxoid cholera vaccines are safe and produce good antibody responses.
Abstract: Summarizes the results of 2 pretrial assessments of aluminum adjuvanted cholera vaccines prepared by the Wellcome Research Laboratories of the United Kingdom. These were a whole cell preparation a toxoid and a mixture of these 2 vaccines. They were compared to a standard tetanus toxoid. In the 1st pretrial done in January 1978 skin rashes were observed in recipients of all groups including the tetanus control vaccine. A 2nd assessment was therefore done in April and May of 1979 to assess this problem. The results of these pretrials indicate that there is no unusual reaction associated with the use of the vaccines tested. Both the whole cell and toxoid vaccines produced excellent immune responses in a range that would be expected to be protective. There were significant rises in vibriocidal titres in recipients of the toxoid vaccine indicating the residual presence of cell wall antigens in the toxoid preparation. The conclusion of the assessment is that these aluminum adjuvanated whole cell and toxoid cholera vaccines are safe and produce good antibody responses. (Authors)
4 citations