Chloroxylon

Abstract: Jakaram Reserve is a 200 ha mixed dry deciduous forest with 306 species of Magnoliophyta representing 61 families of Magnoliopsida and seven families of Liliopsida. Of these, 66.4% are herbs, 11.4% are shrubs and 22.2% are trees. Among the 68 tree species, 13 are planted. While Tectona grandis dominated the land in the past, Anogeissus latifolia , Chloroxylon swietenia , Gardenia resinifera and Helicteres isora are the most prevalent trees at present. Diospyros chloroxylon is the dominant shrub followed by Maytenus emarginata , Ziziphus oenoplia , Grewia flavescens and G. hirsuta . The proportions of hemicryptophytes (5%) and cryptophytes (4%) indicate a tropical climate while the phanerophytes (26%), chamaepbytes (18%) and therophytes (47%) present a desert phytoclimate. The latter scenario is due to the prevailing arid climate, deforestation and excessive grazing pressure. The cattle are found to forage on as many as 117 species (38%) though 61 species (20%) of them are of good fodder value.

Abstract: Pharmacognostic studies were conducted on leaf extracts of Chloroxylon swietenia DCand were shown in figures1 to 8 and Tables1 to 4. Preliminary Phytochemical analysis of the test extracts of Chloroxylon switenia were determined by standard protocols. Thus the qualitative chemical testing indicated that the methanolic extract, hexane, ethyl acetate fractions of Chloroxylon switenia leaves were found to possess glycosides, carbohydrates, alkaloids, sterols, flavoniods considerably. All the four extracts does not contain glycosides, proteins, amino acids, fixed oils, gums and mucilages as per the preliminary qualitative tests performed. The results we re given in the Table 5. The Quantified phenolic contents of Chloroxylon swieteniaextracts were ranging from 16.42±0.36 to 26.38±0.18 (mg/gm). The methanolic extract has more phenolic content i.e 26.38±0.18. The alkaloid content ranging from 14.28±0.42 to 30.23± 0.38. The methanolic extract has more alkaloid content i.e 30.28±0.38. The results were showed in Table 6 .