Topic
Chenier
About: Chenier is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 255 publications have been published within this topic receiving 6174 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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Papers
Journal Article•
TL;DR: For example, the Houma tide gage recorded a relative sea level rise rate of 1.09 cm/yr from 1946 to 1988, based on u.s. Army Corps of Engineers tide gauge records as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Louisiana is experiencing the most severe wetland loss and barrier island erosion in North America. Rates of land loss exceed 100 square kilometers per year in the Mississippi River delta and chenier plains. Rapid sea-level rise induced by delta-plain subsidence and a deficit of terrigenous wetland sediment are the primary factors driving the rapid deterioration of the Louisiana coastal zone. Within the Mississippi River delta plain, the Houma tide gage documented a relative sea level rise rate of 1.09 crn/yr from 1946 to 1988, based on u.s. Army Corps of Engineers tide gauge records. On the coast, the Eugene Island tide gage documented a slightly higher relative sea level rise rate of 1.19 cm/yr. When other tide gag es in Louisiana with 30-year records or more are compared to the record of the Houma tide gage station, relative sea level appears to rise faster in the Terrebonne Parish area than anywhere else in Louisiana. Representative water level histories from the Chenier plain, Teche basin, Terrebonne delta plain, Barataria basin, Balize delta plain, St. Bernard delta plain, and Pontchartrain basin indicate the regional rates of relative sea level rise decrease to the east and the west from the Terrebonne coastal area. In comparison with other National Ocean Survey tide gage records throughout the U.S. Gulf Coast, Louisiana is experiencing the highest relative sea level rise rate at 1.04 cm/yr for Grand Isle, the rates decrease from 0.63 cm/yr at Galveston, Texas to 0.15 cm/yr at Biloxi, Mississippi. Mean relative sea-level rise in Louisiana is more than five times the Gulf of Mexico average. A comparison of the Grand Island relative sea level rise rate (1.04 cm/yr) with the global relative sea level rise rate (0.12 cm/yr indicates that, on the average, relative sea level is rising 10 times faster in Louisiana than in much of the rest of the world. The rapid rate of relative sea level rise observed in Louisiana can be attributed to subsidence of the Mississippi River delta plain due to sediment compaction. Louisiana directly overlies the entrenched Pleistocene valley of the Mississippi River, which is filled with Holocene deltaic sediments more than 150 m thick.
478 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an intertidal digital elevation model (DEM) using waterlines extracted from Landsat TM and in situ ground levelling data was proposed to estimate morphologic change from the generated DEMs.
Abstract: The objectives of this study were: (a) to generate an intertidal digital elevation model (DEM) using waterlines extracted from Landsat TM and in situ ground levelling data; (b) to quantitatively estimate morphologic change from the generated DEMs for the years 1991 and 2000; and (c) to evaluate the chenier migration in the tidal flats of Gomso Bay, Korea. On extracting the waterlines, we considered the tidal flat environments, such as tidal conditions, remnant surface water, suspended sediment, and exposure time. Ground levelling was carried out along one line in 1991, and two lines in 2000. From the extracted waterlines and ground levelling data, we succeeded in generating intertidal DEMs with an accuracy of 10.9 cm r.m.s. overall, and 7.3 cm r.m.s. in the lower tidal flats. The morphologic changes estimated by subtracting the two DEMs showed an erosion rate of −9.0 cm over 9 yr that corresponds to an annual mean morphologic change budget of −309,865 m 3 /yr. Overall, the Gomso tidal flats can be defined as an erosion-dominant environment. The changes with respect to the sedimentary facies were also evaluated as: (a) the sandy silt flat had a sedimentation rate of −3.4 cm over 9 yr that corresponds to an annual mean budget of −52,552 m 3 /yr; (b) the silty sand flat had a sedimentation rate of −14.3 cm over 9 yr that corresponds to a mean erosion of −197,927 m 3 /yr; and (c) the sand flat had a sedimentation rate of −11.8 cm over 9 yr that corresponds to a mean change of −58,808 m 3 /yr. The results comply with the general rules of sedimentology. We also investigated the chenier migration, which is the most dynamic geomorphologic change in the tidal flats. Chenier is usually composed by sand and shell as a result of coastal progradation in sand, and it is dominantly fed by sediments transported by long-shore currents. The chenier was found to have migrated about 148 m landward over 6 yr. The results demonstrate that satellite remote sensing is an efficient and effective tool for a long-term morphologic change estimation in tidal flats.
160 citations
1 Jan 1959
TL;DR: A chronological framework for these events has been determined through radiocarbon dating of more than 100 surface and subsurface samples of the Chenier plain of southwestern Louisiana as mentioned in this paper, which has been shown that the nearsurface coastal deposits rest upon a seaward-thickening accumulation of gulf-bottom sediments that form the upper part of the sedimentary wedge.
Abstract: Studies of the surface features and underlying Recent sediments of the chenier plain of southwestern Louisiana have made it possible to establish the major events in its development. A chronological framework for these events has been determined through radiocarbon dating of more than 100 surface and subsurface samples. The wedge of Recent sediments records the final stage in postglacial rise of sea level and the subsequent stillstand at the present elevation. The basal part of the wedge consists of transgressive brackish-water and marine deposits laid down on the underlying Pleistocene surface as the sea rose from -17 feet 5600 years ago to its present level about 3000 years ago. Coincident with or shortly before reaching this level, the longshore influx of sediment, chiefly from the Mississippi River, brought about a general outbuilding of the coast; in the western part of the area where a number of borings have been made and studied in detail, it has been shown that the nearsurface coastal deposits rest upon a seaward-thickening accumulation of gulf-bottom sediments that form the upper part of the sedimentary wedge. At times of abundant sediment supply, the shore moved rapidly seaward through the accumulation of marsh-capped mudflat deposits; during periods of slight sediment influx, wave attack slowed or halted the advance and locally brought about shore retreat. It was during these latter periods that the beach ridges or cheniers, which now stand as relict "islands" in the marsh, were developed. Ranging in age from 2800 to less than 300 years, these ridges record progressive changes in the configuration of the shoreline as it advanced seaward more than 10 miles to its present position.
154 citations
TL;DR: Otvos et al. as discussed by the authors used 28 topographic profiles, air-photo interpretation, and historical shoreline-change data to explain the occurrence, distribution, and geomorphic hierarchy of primary landforms, and existing hypotheses regarding Chenier-Plain evolution were reconsidered.
125 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The Atchafalaya River has been a major source of sediment deposition in the central Louisiana coast since the early 1950s as mentioned in this paper, and has been used to fill the Atchaelay Basin to capacity with lacustrine deltas and swamp deposits.
Abstract: Repeated shifting of the locus of deltaic deposition (delta switching) has been the fundamental process by which the complex delta plain of the Mississippi River has been built. The latest in a series of major Holocene diversions of the river has taken place down the Atchafalaya River course. From the diversion point, this course is approximately 300 km shorter to the Gulf of Mexico than the present Mississippi River course, producing an obvious gradient advantage. Even though control structures presently limit flow down the Atchafalaya to 30% of the Mississippi plus the Red River contribution, dramatic changes have occurred along the central Louisiana coast since Richard J. Russell, James P. Morgan, and their colleagues first reported, in the early 1950s, impressive shoreline adjustments related to the introduction of Atchafalaya sediment. To date, sediment delivered by the Atchafalaya River has (a) filled the Atchafalaya Basin to capacity with lacustrine deltas and swamp deposits; (b) created two bay-head deltas in Atchafalaya Bay (> 150 km 2 of new land above the - 0.6 m isobath); and, (c) started a new progradational chapter in the history of the downdrift chenier plain. Since the early 1950s when investigators documented the first accretion along the eastern chenier plain coast, the whole of Atchafalaya Bay, surrounding marshlands, adjacent shelf, and downdrift coasts have experienced a dynamic influx of sediment as a product of the latest Holocene delta switching event.
124 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 3 |
| 2020 | 9 |
| 2019 | 7 |
| 2018 | 8 |
| 2017 | 8 |
| 2016 | 7 |