Topic
Chelyocarpus
About: Chelyocarpus is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4 publications have been published within this topic receiving 28 citations.
Papers
TL;DR: The organogenesis of staminate flower clusters and flowers and some observations on the corresponding pistillate structures of Aphandra natalia are described and compared with those of the other two genera in the Phytelephantoideae (Arecaceae).
Abstract: The organogenesis of staminate flower clusters and flowers and some observations on the corresponding pistillate structures of Aphandra natalia are described and compared with those of the other two genera in the Phytelephantoideae (Arecaceae). In Aphandra, staminate flowers are borne in monopodial clusters of mostly four (1‐6) flowers. Each flower is surrounded by two pairs of subopposite bracteoles and has two rather indistinctly four-parted whorls of perianth parts. Stamen primordia arise on a shallow apical dome and then centrifugally down the sides of a long, angled, and laterally flattened receptacle. Immediately before the staminate bud opens, the floral receptacle below the androecium rapidly elongates, becoming funnel-shaped, with the bracteoles and a perianth sheath adnate to it forming a pseudopedicel. Epidermal and subepidermal layers of these pseudopedicels split at anthesis and release a great number of raphide idioblasts that resemble the pollen grains in shape and size. It is hypothesized that the idioblasts deter pollen feeding or ovidepositing insects. The phylogenetic implications of these findings are important within the Phytelephantoideae and among palms in general. Aphandra natalia (Balslev and Henderson) Barfod is a pinnate leaved, single-stemmed palm found in Amazonian Ecuador and Peru near the foothills of the Andes. The genus belongs to the subfamily Phytelephantoideae, which includes only three small genera and constitutes a morphologically isolated group of dioecious genera within the Palmae (Uhl and Dransfield, 1987). Developmental studies have shown that the phytelephantoid genera have the only monopodial flower clusters in the family, a four-parted perianth otherwise known only in only one species of Chelyocarpus (Coryphoideae), and centrifugal stamen inception. Partial centrifugal stamen development is known to occur elsewhere only in the genus Eugeissona (Calamoideae) (Uhl and Moore, 1977; Uhl and Dransfield, 1984). Balslev and Henderson (1987) originally referred Aphandra natalia to Ammandra based on the prominent submarginal veins on the pinnae and the pedicellate condition of the staminate flower clusters. Monographic work on the subfamily Phytelephantoideae has shown that it is a distinct genus (Barfod, Henderson, and Balslev, 1987; Barfod, 1991) (Table 1) and that the structure of the floral pedicel is critical. Developmental studies of the inflorescence and flowers of Aphandra are important for eludication of the pedicel and for comparison with developmental patterns previously described for the other genera of Phytelephantoideae (Uhl and Moore, 1977; Uhl and Dransfield, 1984). In this study we address three issues in particular: ontogeny of the staminate flower cluster, stamen inception, and the structure of the pedicel of the staminate flower. Some observations are also presented on the development of the pistillate flower clusters and flowers.
21 citations
TL;DR: Floral morphology and anatomy in the neotropical palm genera Chelyocarpus Dammer, Cryosophila Blume and Itaya H. E. Moore (Arecaceae) are studied in detail and the implications for the establishment of an alliance formed by the three genera, as suggested by previous researchers, are discussed.
Abstract: Castano, F., M. Crevecoeur, J.-C. Pintaud & F. W. Stauffer (2011). Floral structure in the neotropical palms Chelyocarpus Dammer, Cryosophila Blume and Itaya H. E. Moore (Arecaceae). Candollea 66: 65–79. In English, English and French abstracts. Floral morphology and anatomy in the neotropical palm genera Chelyocarpus Dammer, Cryosophila Blume and Itaya H. E. Moore (Arecaceae: Coryphoideae, Cryosophileae) are studied in detail and the implications for the establishment of an alliance formed by the three genera, as suggested by previous researchers, are discussed. All taxa are characterized by the presence of hermaphrodite flowers, congenitally united imbricate sepals, imbricate petals, carpels basally ascidiate, but apically plicate, and crassinucellar and bitegmic ovules with a funicular aril. Most of these floral character states are also shared with other members of Cryosophileae and do not support the establishment of an alliance. The combination of an uniseriate perianth, basally united fila...
6 citations
10 Jun 1988
5 citations
1 Jan 1990
TL;DR: Two keys for identification of thirty-eight zonian palm genera based on vegetative characters applied to seedling, juvenile, and adult plants are provided and are used to identify seedlings, juveniles, and sterile palms at the genus level.
Abstract: I Two keys for identification of thirty-eight Ama. zonian palm genera based on vegetative characters applied to seedling, juvenile, and adult plants are provided They treat palms with accessible leaves (less than 10 m in height), and those with inaccessible leaves (over 10 m in height), respectively. The first key which deals with all palms, the leaves of which are accessible, i.e., palms less than 10 m in height, cari be I used successfully to identify seedlings, juveniles, and sterile palms at the genus level. The key starts with the morphology of the blade (Fig. 1): 1) palmate or “fanlike” (Chelyocarpus, Copernicia, Itaya, Lepidocaryum, Mauritiella, Trithrinax),\ or costapalmate, i.e., with a short, curved rachis in the blade (Mauritia), 2) blade entire and bifid, or having only two segments or pinnae (seedlings of many genera and some adults of Baclris, Chamaedorea, Geonoma, Wendlandiella), 3) blade entire, not bifid (seedlings of several genera and adult form of Manicaria), and 4) lea! pinnate, or “featherlike” (seedlirigs, juveniles, and adults of most genera). .The form of the entire or bifid blade and of leaflets (Fig. 2) is treated next in the key. For instance, the presence of pinnae, which are pointed at the tip or truhcate and broad apically (wedge-shaped), allows the separation of Aiphanes and the lriarteeae (Catoblaslus, lriarlea, lriartella, Socratea, and Wettinia) from other .I genere. The presencc.or ubscnce of spiries is also used, together with four other characters: 1) the color of the uiiderside (abasia]) of the blade (white in Rslrocaryurn and Jessenia, glaucous in Acrocomia and Oenocarpus, green in most genera, or green with brownish longitudinal stripes in 1 Attalea, klaxiniliana, Orbignya, and Scheelea); 2) the form of the pinnae (linear, lanceolate, or S-shaped); 3) the tip of the pinnae, either symmetric (acute or slightly bifid) or asymmetric (obliquely notched); and 4) the ribs (main nerves) prominent above and/or below, Other characters, such as tlrc slicah LuLular UI split, and the arrangement of the pinnae either in one plane or oriented in several directions, are then considered. In several cases, complementary characters are given to make the choice easier at the key dichotomy. The second key deals with tall palms, the leaves of which are inaccessible. Characters of the leaves, of the trunk, of the roots, and physiognomy of the crown are used. i The S c o p e of the Keys a These keys are to be used in primary and secondary forests in all ecosystems of thc Amazon valley. They were first developed from studies conducted in Brazil and Peru, They can be used, however, in the peripheral Andean region of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, and in the Guianas. Thirty-eight genera are treated. Characters used to separate them refer to Amazonian native species, except for Cqcbs (C. nuc$mi,) und LWO spccies of i:’Lneis (a native species, E. oleijbra, arid lhe introduced African oil palm, E. guineensis). Most of the geriera included occur ORSTOM ~ o n d s Documentaire
2 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2011 | 1 |
| 2001 | 1 |
| 1990 | 1 |
| 1988 | 1 |