TL;DR: In this article, a study of litigations, 40 construction payment dispute cases filed in the High Court in New Zealand, within the current study gives an indication of the nature of the payment problem in the construction industry.
Abstract: Payment is the lifeblood of construction businesses because performance in any construction activity is dependent on an uninterrupted funds flow. However, steady funds flow is rare, and businesses suffer with the worst cases resulting in litigations. The study of litigations, 40 construction payment dispute cases filed in the High Court in New Zealand, within the current study gives an indication of the nature of the payment problem in the construction industry. Disputes over payment arise between contractors and principals in most (80%) of the instances investigated, with progress and final payments being often disputed in construction projects. However, only in limited situations do contractors and subcontractors achieve success with their claims and are able to recover their payments fully. Through the analysis of payment disputes, the study suggests means by which payment problems could be mitigated. Placing charging orders, caveat registration over built properties, and issuance of bankruptcy...
TL;DR: In this article, an operation terminal and a control unit are used to provide electricity charging equipment for electric vehicles, which enables the rate of power used by a user to be collected at low cost and further has a load leveling function.
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide electricity charging equipment for electric vehicles, which enables the rate of power used by a user to be collected at low cost and further has a load leveling function. SOLUTION: This charging equipment for electric vehicles includes an operation terminal and a control unit. The operation terminal has a power supply means which has one or more plug socket ports for supplying an electric vehicle with power; an information input means which enables input of charging order information; an information display means; and a bill recovering means which collects the rate from the user. The control unit has a memory and a processor, and stores charging order information inputted from the information input means, computes charging reservation information including the charging start time C 1 , the charging finishing time C 2 , and the charging rate, separately for each plug socket port, and controls the current application by the power supply means, based on the charging reservation information. The charging order information includes a charging time A, and the control unit computes the charging start time C 1 , the charging finishing time C 2 , and the charging rate, based on the charging time A. COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a charging pile usage method, apparatus and system, which relates to the technical field of the application of charging piles and provides a charging instruction transmitted by a user terminal, and searching a grade identifier, a region in which charging piles are located in, and first promotion activity information capable of being enjoyed by users in the region according to the charging instruction.
Abstract: The invention provides a charging pile usage method, apparatus and system, and relates to the technical field of the application of charging piles. The method includes: receiving a charging instruction transmitted by a user terminal, and searching a grade identifier, a region in which charging piles are located in, and first promotion activity information capable of being enjoyed by users in the region according to the charging instruction; creating a charging order according to the first promotion activity information; and obtaining a charging capacity included in charging completion information when charging is completed, updating a historical charging record according to the charging capacity, searching second promotion activity information according to the updated historical charging record, and creating a consumption order according to the second promotion activity information so that the users can perform payment. According to the charging pile usage method, apparatus and system, the users can enjoy various promotion activities during charging, the usage flexibility, integrity and diversity of the charging piles are improved, the future requirement of operation activities is met, and the experience degree of the usage of the charging piles for the users is improved.
TL;DR: In 2006, the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws approved Re-ULLCA -the Revised Uniform Limited Liability Company Act as discussed by the authors, the product of a three-year drafting process, heavily influenced by 13 advisors appointed by the ABA.
Abstract: In July, 2006, the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws approved Re-ULLCA - the Revised Uniform Limited Liability Company Act The product of a three-year drafting process, heavily influenced by 13 advisors appointed by the ABA, the new Act brings major innovations to the law of limited liability companies This article, written by the two co-reporters for the drafting committee: (i) explains why the Conference decided to draft a new LLC statute, reviews the process through which the Conference produced and approved the new Act, and describes the Act's basic architecture; (ii) highlights the Act's major innovations; and (iii) provides a roadmap through the Act's intricate and all-important provisions concerning the operating agreement The following specific topics are addressed: the operating agreement; the decision to deviate from RUPA and un-cabin fiduciary duty; returning good faith and fair dealing to the concept's contract law moorings; the question of an owner's legitimate self-interest; reformulating the duty of care; the question of the shelf LLC; statutory apparent authority (de-codifying apparent authority by position); statements of authority by position; templates for management structure; charging orders; a remedy for oppressive conduct; derivative claims and special litigation committees; organic transactions - mergers, conversions, and domestications; the decision to eschew the series LLC; and the lot of mere transferees
TL;DR: In this article, a rule of charging order decision is made by a layman operator to decide proper charging order in accordance with the rule-of-charging order decision, and whether or not the charging order is proper as against an evaluation reference value which is previously set by a lot adjusting part 11.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To decide proper charging order in accordance with the rule of charging order decision even by a layman operator. CONSTITUTION:Production condition data such as a kind and its quantity, etc., to be charged to a manufacturing line and process condition data such as a work rate, etc., are set by a data setting part 9, these kinds of condition data are processed in accordance with a standardizing condition consisting of the rule of charging order decision, etc., by a standardization processing part 10 and the charging order of the kind is decided. Moreover, whether or not the charging order is proper as against an evaluation reference value which is previously set by a lot adjusting part 11 is evaluated by the line work rate, a work operator load factor and a time designation delivery appointed date keeping rate.