Topic
Carya aquatica
About: Carya aquatica is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 15 publications have been published within this topic receiving 216 citations.
Papers
TL;DR: The results imply that dispersal limitation is diminishing in wind- and bird-dispersed species with maturation of in-field recruits and that shrub patches may influence these patterns.
Abstract: Dispersal limitation can retard natural establishment of desirable species on restoration sites, especially where landscapes are fragmented, but dispersal limitation is assumed to become less critical with time as early colonists become reproductively mature. Distribution patterns of recruiting trees in a 20-year-old passively restored bottomland in northeast Louisiana suggested persistent dispersal limitation in some bottomland hardwood species and influence of dense shrub patches on colonization. To test these hypotheses, we measured seed rain as a function of distance to seed source and association with shrub cover. Seed rain of the wind-dispersed Fraxinus pennsylvanica was highest near the forest edge, except where mature recruits occurred. Although shrub presence did not influence dispersal of F. pennsylvanica, its negative influence on probability of occurrence in the sapling layer suggests that shrub cover may limit its regeneration. The bird-dispersed Crataegus viridis and Ilex decidua were found in the seed rain and as reproductive individuals within the field; neither had a positive relationship with shrub presence. Dispersal of heavy-seeded Quercus spp. and Carya aquatica was limited to within 20 m of the forest edge. These results imply that dispersal limitation is diminishing in wind- and bird-dispersed species with maturation of in-field recruits and that shrub patches may influence these patterns. Heavy-seeded species, however, remain restricted to field edges that directly abut a seed source. If canopy closure by wind- and bird-dispersed species precedes dispersal of heavy-seeded species into the field, establishment of Quercus and Carya spp. may remain low for the foreseeable future.
55 citations
1 Jan 2006
TL;DR: Survition of most species, as determined in 1994 or 1996 and 2003, changed little over the past decade and was not strongly affected by the treatments within a trial, except for root pruning.
Abstract: From 1992 to 1994, species trials were initiated in the Fourmile Branch delta to investigate the best methods of re-establishing tree species in a severely disturbed, thermally affected stream delta Treatments examined included planting stock type, habitat, tree shelters, root pruning, and competition controls Survival of most species, as determined in 1994 or 1996 and 2003, changed little over the past decade and was not strongly affected by the treatments within a trial, except for root pruning Trees in many treatments have grown tremendously, but individuals with no competition controls generally grew more slowly For example, Taxodium distichum Richard has had a high survival rate, regardless of whether planted as bareroot or balled-and-burlapped saplings, and have grown to 8 to 12 m in height Quercus lyrata Walter, Carya aquatica (Michaux f) Nuttall, Q nuttallii Palmer, and Q phellos L planted in later trials also had adequate survival rates and have grown to 5+ m Low mortality rates after the initial 3 to 4 years suggests that these species are appropriate for restoration In contrast, survival of Nyssa aquatica L and Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall have continually declined over time
34 citations
TL;DR: Elevation of the planting sites, indicating probable soil wetness, was a good indicator of survival when used in conjunction with the species flood-tolerance, and the existing willow stand was not detrimental to survival of three of the outplanted tree species.
Abstract: Black willow (Salix nigra) is a well-known pioneer species of disturbed riparian areas. It competes for nutrients, light, and water, but it may also act as a “nurse” crop, providing shelter for other species from high light and temperature; so, the overall effect on species planted under a willow canopy could be positive or negative. This experiment examined the response of container-grown seedlings of four tree species outplanted into three habitats: 1) an existing willow stand, 2) a similar habitat, but with the willow canopy removed, and 3) an adjacent grass-dominated area free of willow. After three years, survival rates of overcup oak (Quercus lyrata), baldcypress (Taxodium distichum), and water hickory (Carya aquatica) were not reduced under the willow canopy relative to the other two treatments. Laurel oak (Q. laurifolia) was killed by several floods during the first growing season. Height of baldcypress seedlings planted under a willow canopy was less than for seedlings where the willow had been removed. Water hickory and overcup oak height were not affected by the willow canopy. Elevation of the planting sites, indicating probable soil wetness, was a good indicator of survival when used in conjunction with the species flood-tolerance. The existing willow stand was not detrimental to survival of three of the outplanted tree species. Thus, willow removal is unnecessary for successful outplanting, saving time and money.
32 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a series of experiments has examined the appropriateness of 24 tree species for restoring a bottomland and swamp forest in the delta of Fourmile Branch in the coastal plain of South Carolina, USA.
31 citations
TL;DR: The Verret basin was formerly an overflow area between the Mississippi and Atchafalaya rivers and contains about 41,000ha of forested wetlands as mentioned in this paper, where tree growth, litterfall and species composition were monitored across a flooding gradient during January 1985-December 1986.
Abstract: The Verret basin was formerly an overflow area between the Mississippi and Atchafalaya rivers and contains about 41,000ha of forested wetlands. Water levels are rising at the rate of over 1 cm/year in this area, and the forests are subjected to longer and deeper flooding. Tree growth, litterfall, and species composition were monitored across a flooding gradient during January 1985–December 1986. The driest area was only 20 cm higher in elevation than the wettest area, but the structure of the forest changes greatly over this range. The drier area was dominated by sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.), oaks (Quercus spp.), and sugarberry (Celtis laevigata Willd.), while green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh.), red maple (Acer rubrum L.), and baldcypress (Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich.) were dominant in the wetter area. Green ash and bitter pecan (Carya aquatica (Michaux. f.) Nutt.) were found in all plots, but these two species are under severe stress in the more flooded area as evidenced by dead and dying trees. Stem wood production increased from 1985 to 1986 in the driest (392 to 473 g/m2/yr) and wettest (199 to 399 g/m2/yr) plots, but remained relatively unchanged in the transitional area (386 to 380g/m2/yr). Leaf litter production decreased across the gradient from dry to flooded plots during both years. Over 40% of the litterfall in the drier plot was from flood-tolerant shrub species. In the flooded plots, red maple and baldcypress were major contributors to total litterfall. Increased flooding of dry bottomland forests in the future could lead to decreased litterfall and increased tree death over the entire watershed.
22 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2014 | 2 |
| 2011 | 1 |
| 2010 | 1 |
| 2008 | 1 |
| 2006 | 1 |
| 2004 | 1 |