Carton

Abstract: Overview of Food Packaging Systems Introduction Science and Technology of Food Packaging Socioeconomic Needs Packaging Functions Packaging Environments Food Packaging Systems Tables for Analyzing Food Packaging Systems Food Package Development Chemical Structures and Properties of Packaging Materials Chemical Constituents Chemical Bonding Intermolecular Forces Spatial Arrangements Chemical Reactivity and Susceptibility of Packaging Physical Properties of Packaging Materials Introduction Thermal Properties Electromagnetic Properties Mechanical Properties Permeation of Gas and Vapor Introduction Basic Concepts of Permeation Theoretical Analysis Terminology and Units for Permeation Permeability Coefficients of Food Packaging Polymers Factors Governing Permeation Measurements for Permeation Properties Migration and Flavor Scalping Introduction Phenomenal Description of Migration Process Migration Issues in Food Packaging Flavor Scalping and Sorption Migration Testing Predictive Migration Models Regulatory Considerations Food Packaging Polymers Basic Concepts of Polymers Polymerization Reactions Plastics versus Polymers Composition/Processing/Morphology/Properties Relationships Characteristics of Packaging Polymers Food Packaging Polymers Polymer Processing Glass Packaging Introduction Chemical Structure Glass Properties Glass Containers Manufacturing Glass Container Strengthening Treatments Use of Glass Containers in Food Packaging Other Ceramic Containers Metal Packaging Introduction Aluminum Coated Steels Stainless Steel Metal Corrosion Metal Container Manufacturing Protective Lacquers Cellulosic Packaging Introduction Cellulose Fiber-Morphology Cellulose Fiber-Chemistry Paper and Paperboard Production Paper Bags & Wrappings Corrugated Board and Boxes Folding Cartons and Set-up Boxes Composite Cans and Fiber Drums Cartons for Liquids Molded Cellulose Cellophane Other Quasi Cellulosic Materials End-of-Line Operations Introduction Printing Label and Labeling Coding Sealing of Plastic Surfaces Case Study: Finding Sealing Conditions for a LLDPE Film Food Packaging Operations and Technology Food Packaging Line Filling of Liquid and Wet Food Products Filling of Dry Solid Foods Closure and Closing Operation Methods of Wrapping and Bagging Form/Fill/Seal Various Forms of Contact and Contour Packaging Case Studies Thermally Preserved Food Packaging: Retortable and Aseptic Introduction Thermal Destruction of Microorganisms and Food Quality Basics of Thermal Processing Design Hot Filling In-container Pasteurization and Sterilization Aseptic Packaging Case Study: Design of a Thermal-Processed Tray-Set Containing High- and Low-Acid Foods Vacuum/Modified Atmosphere Packaging Basic Principles Non-respiring Products Respiring Products Case study: Design of Modified Atmosphere Package for Blueberries Microwavable Packaging Microwaves and Microwave Oven Microwave/Food/Packaging Interactions Challenges in Microwave Heating of Foods Microwavable Packaging Materials Interactive Microwave Food Packages Case Study: Effect of Metal Shielding on Microwave Heating Uniformity Active and Intelligent Packaging Introduction Active Packaging - Absorbing System Active Packaging - Releasing System Active Packaging - Other System Intelligent Packaging Framework Smart Packaging Devices Legislative and Human Behavior Issues Case Study: Intelligent Microwave Oven with Barcode Reader Shelf Life of Packaged Food Products Introduction Food Distribution Channel Criteria Determining Shelf Life Kinetics Measurements and Prediction Case Study: Shelf Life of a Potato Chip Product with Two Interacting Quality Deterioration Mechanisms Elements of Packaging, Distribution and Shelf Life of Each Category Foods Introduction Cereals and Bakery Products Meat and Fish Products Dairy Products Confectionery Products Fats and Oils Drinks Fresh Fruits and Vegetables Frozen Foods Sustainable Food Packaging Sustainable Packaging Packaging Related Environmental Issues Management of Packaging Wastes Recycling of Packaging Materials Biodegradable Materials Degradable Packaging Life Cycle Assessment Sociological and Legislative Considerations Introduction Tamper Evident Packaging Product Liability Labeling Information

Abstract: A carton and blank for forming a carton for accommodating one or more articles which carton is provided with an access structure (54, 238) for the removal of articles from within the carton. The access structure comprises a closure panel (56, 156, 224, 424) hinged to a carton wall (14, 114, 212, 412) for forward and backward pivotal movement and a movable platform hinged to the closure panel for moving the contents of the carton forward for their removal in response to the forward pivotal movement of the closure panel. The invention is also directed to a divisible carton and blank for forming a divisible carton comprising two modular boxes (B, B1) for packaging articles, such as tablets (A) for example. Each modular box having a structure to access the box interior and a common outer upper cover (260, 360, 460) arranged so as to secure the boxes together. A tear strip (266; 371, 375; 466) is provided so as to permit the boxes to be separated.