Cardinal flower

Abstract: Larvae of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), often transect leaves with a narrow trench before eating the distal section. The trench reduces larval exposure to exudates, such as latex, during feeding. Plant species that do not emit exudate, such as Plantago lanceolata, are not trenched. However, if exudate is applied to a looper's mouth during feeding on P. lanceolata, the larva will often stop and cut a trench. Dissolved chemicals can be similarly applied and tested for effectiveness at triggering trenching. With this assay, I have documented that lactucin from lettuce latex (Lactuca sativa), myristicin from parsley oil (Petroselinum crispum), and lobeline from cardinal flower (Lobelia cardinalis) elicit trenching. These compounds are the first trenching stimulants reported. Several other constituents of lettuce and parsley, including some phenylpropanoids, monoterpenes, and furanocoumarins had little or no activity. Cucurbitacin E glycoside found in cucurbits, another plant family trenched by cabbage loopers, also was inactive. Lactucin, myristicin, and lobeline all affect the nervous system of mammals, with lobeline acting specifically as an antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. To determine if cabbage loopers respond selectively to compounds active at acetylcholine synapses, I tested several neurotransmitters, insecticides, and drugs with known neurological activity, many of which triggered trenching. Active compounds included dopamine, serotonin, the insecticide imidacloprid, and various drugs such as ipratropium, apomorphine, buspirone, and metoclopramide. These results document that noxious plant chemicals trigger trenching, that loopers respond to different trenching stimulants in different plants, that diverse neuroactive chemicals elicit the behavior, and that feeding deterrents are not all trenching stimulants. The trenching assay offers a novel approach for identifying defensive plant compounds with potential uses in agriculture or medicine. Cabbage loopers in the lab and field routinely trench and feed on plants in the Asteraceae and Apiaceae. However, first and third instar larvae enclosed on Lobelia cardinalis (Campanulaceae) failed to develop, even though the third instar larvae attempted to trench. Trenching ability does not guarantee effective feeding on plants with canal-borne exudates. Cabbage loopers must not only recognize and respond to trenching stimulants, they must also tolerate exudates during the trenching procedure to disable canalicular defenses.

Abstract: The invention provides a detergent for cotton/jute, comprising 9-12 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate (AES), 2-3 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (LAS), 2-3 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether (AEO), 0.5-1 part of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 7-8 parts of ethyl alcohol, 2-4 parts of sodium chloride, 9-10 parts of sodium metasilicate, 1-1.5 parts of sodium hypochlorite, 1-2 parts of coconut oil alcohol diethanol amide, 0.1 part of an essence, 2-4 parts of cardinal flower and 2-4 parts of Chinese torreya. A corresponding preparation method is adopted; the detergent for cotton/jute has excellent bubbling effect and antibacterial effect.

Abstract: The invention discloses a medicine for treating a piglet edema disease and a preparation method thereof. The medicine is prepared from luisia morsei, loosestrife, chinaroot greenbrier, all-grass of twocolor velvetplant, pilea cavaleriei, abelmosk, Chinese starjasmine stems, cordate houttuynia, acmella ciliate, polygala tenuifolia, sweet basil, herb of dewberryleaf cinquefoil, oxalis rubra, Acorus gramineus Soland. var. pusillus Engl., f. suaveolens C. Y. Cheng, mss., ardisia japonica, inula cappa, Chinese alpine rush, tanoak bark, flower of Aglaia odorata Lour., Neolitsea chuii seeds, cardinal flower, Circaea lutetiana Linn. subsp. quadrisulcata (Maxim.)Asch.& Magnus, agilawood, henry clematis root, cortex acanthopanacis, hairyvein agrimony and Chinese dates. The medicine has the advantages that treatment principles are removing toxicity for detumescence and freeing lung for diuresis, the auxiliary principle is invigorating spleen to eliminate dampness, the treatment effect on the piglet edema disease is significant, the resistance ability of piglets can be enhanced, the treatment course is short, the treatment effect is good, medicine tolerance is avoided, no medicine residue exists, and the medicine is safe, convenient to use, easy to prepare, low in cost and capable of effectively controlling the illness state.

Abstract: The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicinal decoction for treating chronic bronchitis The decoction is prepared from the following crude medicines in parts by weight: 8-15 parts of fructus forsythiae, 10-15 parts of radix ophiopogonis, 10 parts of teasel root, 15-20 parts of cordate houttuynia, 7 parts of asarum, 9 parts of androsace umbellate, 6-12 parts of roughhaired holly root, 6-10 parts of trichosanthes kirilowii maxim, 8-12 parts of radix asteris, 10-15 parts of radish seed, 9-14 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 9-15 parts of argyreia acuta lour, 10-15 parts of cardinal flower, 6-9 parts of fructus aristolochiae, 9-15 parts of boea hygrometrica, 15-20 parts of lousewort root, 10-15 parts of sauropus rostratus miq, 9-12 parts of ottelia alismoides, 6-9 parts of pinellia ternate, 15-20 parts of rhoeo leaves and 3-5 parts of oroxylum indicum The decoction disclosed by the invention is prepared from various traditional Chinese medicines, and the various crude medicines are scientifically combined to take a synergist effect; the decoction has functions of diminishing inflammation and relieving asthma, reducing phlegm and stopping cough, and the decoction is short in treatment course, rapid to take effect, high in curing rate and is worthy of popularizing