Callicarpa

Abstract: Bioassay-guided fractionation of the combined fruits, leaves, and twigs (fruiting branches) of Callicarpa americana, collected from a plot in a forested area in southern Florida, led to the isolation of six new clerodane diterpenes (1–6) and eight known compounds. The structures of 1–6 [12(S), 16ξ-dihydroxycleroda-3,13-dien-15,16-olide (1), 12(S)-hydroxy-16ξ-methoxycleroda-3,13dien-15,16-olide (2), 12(S)-hydroxycleroda-3,13-dien-15,16-olide (3), 16 ξ-hydroxycleroda-3,11 (E),13-trien-15,16-olide (4), 3β,12(S)-dihydroxycleroda-4(18),13-dien-15,16-olide (5), and 12(S)hydroxycleroda-3,13-dien-16,15-olide (6)] were elucidated by interpretation of spectroscopic data and chemical methods. The absolute configuration at C-12 in 1 and 3 was ascertained using the Mosher ester technique. The cytotoxicity of all isolates was tested against a panel of human cancer cell lines, and compounds 1, 4, and 6, and the known compounds genkwanin, 16ξhydroxycleroda-3,13-dien-15,16-olide, and2-formyl-16ξ-hydroxy-3-A-norcleroda-2,13dien-15,16-olide were active (ED50 <5 μg/mL). However, 1 was found to be inactive against human cancer cells implanted in mice using a hollow-fiber tumor model. Callicarpa americana L. is a shrub native to the southeastern United States. 2 Although the

Abstract: Callicarpenal and intermedeol are two insect-repellent terpenoids isolated from leaves of American beautyberry (Callicarpa americana L.; Verbenaceae) and Japanese beautyberry (Callicarpa japonica Thunb.). The repellency of these two terpenoids against workers of red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta Buren, black imported fire ants, Solenopsis richteri Forel, and a hybrid of these two species was evaluated using digging bioassays. In a multiple choice digging bioassay using two colonies from each species and their hybrid, callicarpenal showed significant repellency at concentration as low as 50 ppm against both red imported fire ant colonies and 6.25 ppm against all black imported fire ant and hybrid colonies. Intermedeol showed significant repellency at concentration as low as 1.50 ppm against both red imported fire ant colonies and 6.25 ppm against all black imported fire ant and hybrid colonies. In total, 15 colonies, five colonies from each species and the hybrid, were tested on callicarpenal and intermedeol at 50 ppm in a two-choice digging bioassay. Both callicarpenal and intermedeol showed repellency against all colonies, and intermedeol showed significantly greater repellency than callicarpenal against both species and their hybrid.

Abstract: There are around 140 species in the genus Callicarpa, with 23 species occurring in Vietnam. The Vietnamese Callicarpa species have been poorly studied. In this work, the leaf essential oils of C. bodinieri, C. candicans, C. formosana, C. longifolia, C. nudiflora, C. petelotii, C. rubella, and C. sinuata, have been obtained from plants growing in central Vietnam. The chemical compositions of the essential oils were determined using gas chromatography – mass spectrometry. Mosquito larvicidal activities of the essential oils were carried out against Aedes aegypti. All of the Callicarpa leaf essential oils showed larvicidal activity, but two samples of C. candicans were particularly active with 48-h LC50 values of 2.1 and 3.8 μg/mL. Callicarpa candicans essential oil should be considered as a potential alternative mosquito control agent.