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Abstract: FORMATION OF A NONWOVEN WEB SUITABLE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TEXTILE-LIKE OR PAPER-LIKE SHEET MATERIAL BY SIMULTANEOUSLY SPINNING A MULTIPLE NUMBER OF CONTINUOUS FILAMENTS OF A SYPTHETIC POLYMER SUCH AS POLYPROPLYLENE. GATHERING THE FILAMENTS INTO A STRAIGHT ROW OF SIDE-BY-SIDE, SUBSTANTIALLY EVENLY SPACED APART, UNTWISTED BUNDLES, EACH CONTAINING AT LEAST 15 FILAMENTS, SIMULTANEOUSLY DRAWING EACH BUNDLE DOWNWARDLY AT A VELOCITY OF AT LEAST 3,000 METERS PER MINUTE IN AN INDIVIDUAL SURROUNDING GAS COLUMN FLOWING AT SUPERSONIC VELOCITY, AS FOR EXAMPLE BY PASSING THE BUNDLES THROUGH A ROW OF AIR GUNS AND DIRECTING THE SAME TO IMPINGE ON A HORIZONTAL CARRIER BELT MOVING IN A DIRECTION SO THAT THE BUNDLES IN THEIR SURROUNDING GAS COLUMNS EXTEND IN A STRAIGHT ROW ACROSS THE CARRIER AT RIGHT ANGLES TO THE DIRECTION OF ITS MOVEMENT; CONTROLLING THE GAS COLUMN BY A CONTROL OF ITS DIVERGENT WIDTH AND/OR OSCILLATING THE SAME SO THAT THE LIMITS OF CONTACT OF THE EDGE OF EACH COLUMN WITH THE CARRIER OVERLAP THE LIMITS OF CONTACT OF THE EDGE OF THE ADJACENT COLUMN BY AT LEAST 50 PERCENT OF THE OVERALL WIDTH OF CONTACT OF AN INDIVIDUAL GAS COLUMN WITH THE CARRIER, AND MAINTAINING THE LAY-DOWN SPEED OF THE FILAMENTS IN RELATION TO THE SPEED OF THE CARRIER MOVEMENT SO THAT PRIOR TO AND/OR AS THE BUNDLES IMPINGE AGAINST THE CARRIER, THEY ARE DIVIDED INTO SUB-BUNDLES OF PARALLEL FILAMENTS WHICH DEPOSIT ON THE CARRIER IN A LOOP-LIKE ARRANGEMENT EXTENDING BACK AND FORTH ACROSS THE DIRECTION OF TRAVEL OF THE CARRIER WITHIN THE LIMITS OF THE GAS COLUMN SURROUNDING THE BUNDLE, FORMING A WEB WHICH IS CHARACTERIZED BY A MULTIPLE NUMBER OF SIDE-BY-SIDE LENGTHWISE SECTIONS, EACH SECTION BEING FORMED BY THE SUBBUNDLES OF PARALLEL FILAMENTS LYING IN A LOOP-LIKE ARRANGEMENT EXTENDING BACK AND FORTH ACROSS THE WIDTH OF THE SECTION AND CONTAINING MULTIPLE OVERLAPPING SECONDARY SMALLER LOOPS AND SWIRLS WITH THE ADJACENT INDIVIDUAL SECTIONS OVERLAPPING EACH OTHER WITHOUT STRATIFICATION AND WITH THE LOOPS, SECONDARY LOOPS AND SWIRLS OF ONE SECTION RANDOMLY SUBSTANTIALLY COMPETELY INTERMINGLED WITH THE OVERLAPPING PORTION OF THE ADJACENT SECTION. THE WEB AFTER ITS LAY-DOWN MAY BE INITIALLY STABILIZED BY HEAT-SEALING, NEEDING OR TREATING WITH A BINDER SUCH LATEX AND SUBJECTED TO FURTHER TREATMENTS CONVENTIONAL IN THE NONWOVEN ART.

Abstract: A group of parallel threads of equal length, clamped at each end so that all threads extend equally under tension, is called a bundle, and the maximum load which the bundle can support is called its strength. The object of the work is to study the probability distribution of the strength of bundles whose constituent threads are sampled randomly from an infinite population of threads in which the probability distribution of strength is known. The relation between the strength of a bundle and the strengths of its constituent threads is first discussed, and results are stated for bundles so large that the proportions of threads of different strengths approach their expectations. The properties of the probability distribution of bundle strength are next developed in detail, attention being confined in the present paper to the case where all threads have the same load-extension curve up to breaking point. Finally, the asymptotic behaviour of the distribution for large numbers of threads is studied, and it is shown that in the commonest cases the distribution tends to assume the normal form.

Abstract: We discuss the relation between the Ramond-Ramond charges of D-branes and the topology of Chan-Paton vector bundles We show that a topologically nontrivial normal bundle induces RR charge and that the result fits in perfectly with the proposal that D-brane charge is the topology of the Chan-Paton bundle, regarded as an element of K-theory

Abstract: An endoscope has a fiber optic image bundle (14) which is insertable into a separate sterile sleeve (24) such that the fiber optic image bundle (14) need not be sterilized prior to use. A window (38) formed proximate the distal end of the sleeve (24) facilitates viewing through the fiber optic image bundle (14). A biasing means (40) urges the fiber optic image bundle (14) into abutment with the window (38) to facilitate proper optical alignment thereof.