Showing papers on "Brick published in 2011"
TL;DR: In this article, the use of recycled brick powder as replacement of mineral filler in asphalt mixture was investigated and a comparative study was carried out on the performance of two mixtures using recycled bricks powder and limestone filler.
216 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the findings of a laboratory investigation of the characterization of recycled crushed brick and an assessment of its performance as a pavement subbase material The properties of the properties
Abstract: This paper presents the findings of a laboratory investigation of the characterization of recycled crushed brick and an assessment of its performance as a pavement subbase material The properties
181 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the benefits of using materials that were formed at high temperatures as an aggregate for concrete that was exposed to high temperature was investigated, such as diabase, steel slag, crushed bricks and crushed tiles.
156 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors acknowledge the financial support for Project Masonry from the New Zealand Natural Hazards Research Platform and the testing of adhesive anchors was undertaken in conjunction with the RAPID grant CMMI-1138614 from the US National Science Foundation.
Abstract: The authors acknowledge the financial support for Project Masonry from the New Zealand Natural Hazards Research Platform. The testing of adhesive anchors was undertaken in conjunction with the RAPID grant CMMI-1138614 from the US National Science Foundation. The investigation of the performance of residential brick veneers was financially supported by Brickworks Building Products Australia.
153 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the compressive and three-point flexural strength tests including compressive strength after water submersion were carried out in this present study, and the investigation results show that compressive, flexural and strength of clay brick are improved by adding of lime and RHA.
150 citations
TL;DR: The results suggested that utilization of MSWI fly ash in ceramic brick constituted a potential means of adding value and leaching results of heavy metals from sintered bricks were reduced considerably in comparison with those from green bricks prior to sintering process.
121 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used marble and granite waste of different sizes in the manufacturing of concrete bricks, with full replacement of conventional coarse and fine aggregates with marble waste scrapes and slurry powder of content up to 40%.
Abstract: M arble and granite industry has grown significantly in the last decades with the privatization trend in the early 1990s, and the flourishing construction industry in Egypt. Accordingly, the amount of mining and processing waste has increased. Stone waste is generally a highly polluting waste due to both its highly alkaline nature, and its manufacturing and processing techniques, which impose a health threat to the surroundings. Shaq Al-Thuban industrial cluster, the largest marble and granite industrial cluster in Egypt is imposing an alarming threat to the surrounding communities, Zahraa El-Maadi residential area, and the ecology of the neighboring Wadi Degla protectorate. The objective of this paper is to utilize marble and granite waste of different sizes in the manufacturing of concrete bricks, with full replacement of conventional coarse and fine aggregates with marble waste scrapes and slurry powder of content up to 40%. The produced bricks are tested for physical and mechanical properties according to the requirements of the American Standards for Testing Materials (ASTM) and the Egyptian Code. The test results revealed that the recycled products have physical and mechanical properties that qualify them for use in the building sector, where all cement brick samples tested in this study comply with the Egyptian code requirement for structural bricks, with granite slurry having a positive effect on cement brick samples that reach its optimum at 10% slurry incorporation.
111 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented an initial study on the manufacture of bricks made of gasification ash, which satisfies two basic requirements: (a) it has elevated percentages of fly ash; and (b) it enables utilisation of ash without any pre-treatment.
104 citations
TL;DR: Based on the enthalpy-porosity technique, a model of thermal conduction accompanied with solidification and melting processes is developed and numerically analyzed to investigate the thermal response of the brick wall filled with phase change materials (PCM).
101 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an economical, structurally effective, and practically applicable steel fiber reinforced mortar (SFRM) which could be applied onto the hollow brick infills of a reinforced concrete (RC) structure was developed.
91 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an experimental and quantitative analysis of capillary transport across the interface brick-mortar joint in masonry is presented, where the influence of curing conditions is analyzed by considering three types of mortars: cured in a mould, between capillary wet and dry bricks, and a decrease in moisture inflow for the mortars cured between bricks.
TL;DR: In this article, a detailed macro-and microscopic ethnoarchaeological study of the degradation of a mud brick house and propose a comprehensive mechanism for tell formation processes in arid environments.
TL;DR: In this article, the responses of buildings with different structural types on shallow foundations subjected to excavation-induced ground settlements are compared and a better understanding of the complex soil-structure interaction in building response is provided.
Abstract: This paper compares the responses of buildings with different structural types on shallow foundations subjected to excavation-induced ground settlements and provides a better understanding of the complex soil-structure interaction in building response. Investigated structures include brick-bearing structures, open-frame structures, and brick-infilled frame structures. These structures are often encountered near a construction area, and the different structures may show very different behaviors to excavation-induced ground settlements. In this research, numerical studies were carried out to evaluate the responses of single brick-bearing walls and frame structures (both open and brick infilled) subjected to an identical progressive ground settlement and to provide key features of building responses in different soil conditions, structure conditions, and structural types. Each structure, which is four stories high, was modeled numerically with two different soil conditions, and the response was compared among other types of structures and between elastic and crackable conditions for the brick-bearing and brick-infilled frame structures. Comparison of building responses was investigated by using distortions and crack damages induced to the structures by excavation-induced ground settlements. The structures were modeled by using the two-dimensional (2D) universal distinct element code (UDEC 3.1) in which each brick unit was modeled as a separate unit, with the contacts between brick units having stiffness and strength characteristics of mortar. The numerical studies indicated that the structural response to excavation-induced ground settlements is highly dependent on structural type, cracking in a structure, and soil condition; therefore, their effects should be considered to better assess building response to excavation-induced ground settlements.
1 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this article, a wide range of successfully recycled materials and their effects on the physical and mechanical properties of bricks have been discussed, including rubber, limestone dust, wood sawdust, processed waste tea, fly ash, polystyrene and sludge.
Abstract: Brick is one of the most common masonry units as a building material due to its properties. Many attempts have been made to incorporate wastes into the production of bricks, for examples, rubber, limestone dust, wood sawdust, processed waste tea, fly ash, polystyrene and sludge. Recycling such wastes by incorporating them into building materials is a practical solution for pollution problem. This paper reviews the recycling of different wastes into fired clay bricks. A wide range of successfully recycled materials and their effects on the physical and mechanical properties of bricks have been discussed. Most manufactured bricks with different types of waste have shown positive effects on the properties of fired clay bricks.
TL;DR: In this paper, the potential use of waste rice husk ash (RHA) and expanded polystyrene (EPS) beads in producing lightweight concrete bricks was investigated, where RHA was used as a cementitious material since it is a lightweight reactive pozzolanic material.
TL;DR: In this article, the thermal behavior of alluvial clays in the production of ceramic brick industries, which are largely found on the bank of the Cauvery river, Tamilnadu, India.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the thermal properties of Termoarcilla® ECO 29 voided clay bricks and showed that a rhomboid layout of voids with the longer diagonal at right angles to the heat flux is the best internal void layout.
TL;DR: Laboratory investigations were carried out to establish the potential utilisation of brick dust in construction, and showed that partial substitution of the dust with PFA resulted in stronger material compared to using it on its own.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present problems related to the assessment of historical objects, especially brick arch structures, in view of potential improvement of their strength using various technologies, including reinforcement techniques.
Patent•
15 Jun 2011
TL;DR: In this article, a composite tailing non-fired and non-steamed building block brick and a preparation method thereof are presented. But the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing to stir, compressing and shaping, performing natural curing or utilizing the solar heaing hydrating maintenance.
Abstract: The invention discloses a composite tailing non-fired and non-steamed building block brick and a preparation method thereof. The brick comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight or volume: 50-300 parts of tailing and 3-30 parts of cement; and at least two components are selected from the active wastes such as fly ash, coal gangue, shale slag, alkaline residue, carbide slag, chemical gypsum and the waste residue of metallurgical industry to be mixed with the raw materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing to stir, compressing and shaping, performing natural curing or utilizing the solar heaing hydrating maintenance to prepare the composite tailing building block brick. By adopting the preparation method of the invention, the single performances of the tailings and slags can be changed, thus the product can have higher strength and quality owning to the interaction of materials; the technology does not adopt firing and steaming, the cost is low; different sizes of solid bricks, perforated bricks, hollow blocks, floor tiles, grass planting bricks, roadside bricks and artistic rails can be prepared by changing the mould; and various harmful slags such as tailings can become good, the Chinese development direction of the comprehensive utilization of resources is satisfied and the brick of the invention has development and application prospect.
Patent•
15 Jun 2011
TL;DR: The burning-free block brick as mentioned in this paper is an example of a block brick made from industrial waste residues that can be used to construct road edge and fence railings with low cost and high strength.
Abstract: The invention relates to a burning-free block brick prepared from bulky industrial waste residues. The burning-free block brick is characterized in that the block brick comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight or volume: 10-80 parts of at least one of tailing, magnesium slag, basic slag, mountain flour, cinder, fly ash, coal gangue, oil shale waste and sulfuric acid slag, 0-80 parts of at least one of gravel, waste sand, construction waste, garbage to be burnt, steel slag, mineral slag, copper slag, iron slag with gold, ardealite, phosphorous slag and carbide slag, 0-50 parts of active cementing material, 0-30 parts of cement clinker, 2-15 parts of cement and a defined amount of water. The preparation method of all types of burning-free and steaming-free standard bricks, perforated bricks, hollow blocks, paving tiles, road edge bricks and fence railings which have low cost and high strength, is as follows: proportioning, stirring for 1-6 minutes, adding a defined amount of water to stir, placing in moulds to form in a machine and performing natural curing for 7-28 days. The burning-free block brick has high raw material selectability, simple technology and wide development and application prospects, and is environmental-friendly.
TL;DR: In this article, the thermal transmittance in steady-state, also known as U-value, is calculated theoretically and experimentally for each cubicle, presenting the insulated cubicles as the best construction system, with differences around 45% in comparison to the alveolar one.
Patent•
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10 Aug 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, a robotically assisted brick-laying system is presented, where an operator such as a mason works proximate a moveable platform having a robotic arm assembly, a mortar applicator with a mortar transfer device, and a brick transfer device to build structures.
Abstract: A brick laying system where an operator such as a mason works proximate a moveable platform having a robotic arm assembly, a mortar applicator with a mortar transfer device, and a brick transfer device to build structures. The robotically assisted brick laying system may also contain a stabilizer having a disturbance sensing and a disturbance correcting component that provides compensation for disturbances caused by load shifting, movement of the platform, wind, operator movement, and the like. In addition, the robotically assisted brick laying system has a sensing and positioning component for controlling placement of the moveable platform and robotic arm assembly. The interoperability of the system with a mason or skilled operator removes much of the manual labor component of brick laying, allowing the mason more time to focus on craftsmanship and quality, thus improving the end product and the overall working conditions of the mason.
Patent•
24 Aug 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, a heat preservation wall plate is protruded relative to the outer surfaces of a beam and a stand column or a concrete plate, 20 to 50 millimeters or flatly bricked.
Abstract: The invention relates to an automatic heat preservation, energy saving and air-entrapping concrete brick wall and a manufacturing method thereof. The invention is characterized that: a heat preservation wall plate is protruded, relative to the outer surfaces of a beam and a stand column or a concrete plate, 20 to 50 millimeters or flatly bricked; beam and column part heat preservation layers are bonded on the outer surfaces of the beam and the stand column or the concrete plate; and alkali-proof grids or steel mesh sheets are paved on the surfaces of the heat preservation layers. During bricking of the wall, the comprehensive performance of the heat preservation wall can be enhanced under the condition of no addition of the heat preservation layers on the whole wall by using energy saving and air-entrapping concrete bricks and heat preservation bricking mortar as well as heat preservation processing measures taken on hot bridge parts such as the beam, the column and the like, so the requirement of a periphery protective structure of a building wall can be met, and heat energy loss due to the hot bridges formed in mortar joints of the wall can be avoided effectively; therefore, the design standard requirement of China on heat preservation and energy saving of a building is met, and the manufacturing cost of the wall and the comprehensive cost of the building are reduced greatly.
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel polymer cream was applied to brick and mortar in an attempt to reduce water absorption and to improve thermal insulation for household heating energy saving, and the results from contact angle and surface energy measurements showed that the materials became highly hydrophobic.
TL;DR: A new rapid method for the determination of actinides in emergency concrete and brick samples has been developed at the Savannah River Site Environmental Lab that can be used in emergency response situations or for routine analysis.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the influence of the cavity concentration in hollow bricks on static and dynamic thermal parameters: a time lag, a decrement factor, an equivalent thermal diffusivity (ETD), and equivalent thermal conductivities (ETC).
Patent•
6 Apr 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, building waste treating and reusing process, which includes the following steps: classifying building wastes into waste concrete, waste stone material, waste ceramic, waste sintered brick and waste lime-sand brick; crushing separately into coarse grains and eliminating metal, timber and other impurity; milling into 5 mm below regenerated fine aggregate; sorting 15 mm below high quality fine aggregate and milling to regenerated coarse grain; and preparing mortar, concrete, asphalt concrete and other building material with the regenerated aggregate and the regeneration fine powder material of 250
Abstract: The present invention discloses building waste treating and reusing process, which includes the following steps: classifying building wastes into waste concrete, waste stone material, waste ceramic, waste sintered brick and waste lime-sand brick; crushing separately into coarse grains and eliminating metal, timber and other impurity; milling into 5 mm below regenerated fine aggregate; sorting 015 mm below high quality fine aggregate and milling into regenerated fine powder material of 250-600 sq m/kg specific surface area; and preparing mortar, concrete, asphalt concrete and other building material with the regenerated fine aggregate and the regenerated fine powder
TL;DR: In this article, a new finding of the observation of an elemental gradient or zoning of calcium and sulphur in fired brick bodies is described, that does not appear to have been reported in the literature before.
TL;DR: In this paper, the compressive strength of concrete from stone powder showed 14.76% higher value than that of the concrete made of normal sand and normal sand concrete, while concrete from brick chip and stone powder produced higher compressive value.
Abstract: Stone powder produced from stone crushing zones appears as a problem for effective disposal. Sand is a common fine aggregate used in construction work as a fine aggregate. In this study, the main concern is to find an alternative of sand. Substitution of normal sand by stone powder will serve both solid waste minimization and waste recovery. The study focuses to determine the relative performance of concrete by using powder sand. From laboratory experiments, it was revealed that concrete made of stone powder and stone chip gained about 15% higher strength than that of the concrete made of normal sand and brick chip. Concrete of stone powder and brick chip gained about 10% higher strength than that of the concrete normal sand and stone chip concrete. The highest compressive strength of mortar found from stone powder which is 33.02 Mpa, shows that better mortar can be prepared by the stone powder. The compressive strength of concrete from stone powder shows 14.76% higher value than that of the concrete made of normal sand. On the other hand, concrete from brick chip and stone powder produce higher compressive value from that of brick chip and normal sand concrete.
Key words: Stone powder, concrete, mortar, concrete, compressive strength