TL;DR: For example, the failure of organizational learning can be understood more readily by examining the typical responses to change by members of several broad occupational cultures in an organization as discussed by the authors, and the attempt to explain what happened to "brainwashed" American prisoners of war in the Korean conflict points up the need to take both individual traits and culture into account to understand organizational phenomena.
Abstract: ? 1996 by Cornell University. 0001-8392/96/41 02-0229/$1 .00. Inattention to social systems in organizations has led researchers to underestimate the importance of culture-shared norms, values, and assumptions-in how organizations function. Concepts for understanding culture in organizations have value only when they derive from observation of real behavior in organizations, when they make sense of organizational data, and when they are definable enough to generate further study. The attempt to explain what happened to "brainwashed" American prisoners of war in the Korean conflict points up the need to take both individual traits and culture into account to understand organizational phenomena. For example, the failure of organizational learning can be understood more readily by examining the typical responses to change by members of several broad occupational cultures in an organization. The implication is that culture needs to be observed, more than measured, if organization studies is to advance.
TL;DR: In this article, the Moonie phenomenon inspired fear, anxiety and suspicion in the public mind, and the question always arises, Do people choose to become Moonies or are they brainwashed?
Abstract: The Moonie phenomenon inspired fear, anxiety and suspicion in the public mind, and the question always arises, Do people choose to become Moonies or are they brainwashed? This is the prizewinning story of an investigation by an outsider into who becomes a Moonie and how they do so.
TL;DR: Satel and Lilienfeld as mentioned in this paper reveal that many real-world applications of human neuroscience gloss over its limitations and intricacies, at times obscuring--rather than clarifying--the myriad factors that shape our behavior and identities.
Abstract: FINALIST FOR THE LOS ANGELES TIMES BOOK PRIZE IN SCIENCE What can't neuroscience tell us about ourselves? Since fMRI--functional magnetic resonance imaging--was introduced in the early 1990s, brain scans have been used to help politicians understand and manipulate voters, determine guilt in court cases, and make sense of everything from musical aptitude to romantic love. But although brain scans and other neurotechnologies have provided groundbreaking insights into the workings of the human brain, the increasingly fashionable idea that they are the most important means of answering the enduring mysteries of psychology is misguided--and potentially dangerous. In Brainwashed, psychiatrist and AEI scholar Sally Satel and psychologist Scott O. Lilienfeld reveal how many of the real-world applications of human neuroscience gloss over its limitations and intricacies, at times obscuring--rather than clarifying--the myriad factors that shape our behavior and identities. Brain scans, Satel and Lilienfeld show, are useful but often ambiguous representations of a highly complex system. Each region of the brain participates in a host of experiences and interacts with other regions, so seeing one area light up on an fMRI in response to a stimulus doesn't automatically indicate a particular sensation or capture the higher cognitive functions that come from those interactions. The narrow focus on the brain's physical processes also assumes that our subjective experiences can be explained away by biology alone. As Satel and Lilienfeld explain, this "neurocentric" view of the mind risks undermining our most deeply held ideas about selfhood, free will, and personal responsibility, putting us at risk of making harmful mistakes, whether in the courtroom, interrogation room, or addiction treatment clinic. A provocative account of our obsession with neuroscience, Brainwashed brilliantly illuminates what contemporary neuroscience and brain imaging can and cannot tell us about ourselves, providing a much-needed reminder about the many factors that make us who we are.
TL;DR: Satel and Lilienfeld, the authors of this book, are not out to criticise imaging per se. Indeed they say brain imaging is one of the most important intellectual achievements of the last century as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Satel and Lilienfeld, the authors of this book, are not out to criticise imaging per se. Indeed they say brain imaging is one of the most important intellectual achievements of the last century. In...
TL;DR: In "Quantum", Manjit Kumar as discussed by the authors gives a dramatic and superbly-written history of this fundamental scientific revolution, and the divisive debate at its core Quantum theory looks at the very building blocks of our world, the particles and processes without which it could not exist Yet for many years most physicists believed that quantum theory denied the very existence of reality itself.
Abstract: 'This is about gob-smacking science at the far end of reason Take it nice and easy and savour the experience of your mind being blown without recourse to hallucinogens' Nicholas Lezard, Guardian For most people, quantum theory is a byword for mysterious, impenetrable science And yet for many years it was equally baffling for scientists themselves In this magisterial book, Manjit Kumar gives a dramatic and superbly-written history of this fundamental scientific revolution, and the divisive debate at its core Quantum theory looks at the very building blocks of our world, the particles and processes without which it could not exist Yet for 60 years most physicists believed that quantum theory denied the very existence of reality itself In this tour de force of science history, Manjit Kumar shows how the golden age of physics ignited the greatest intellectual debate of the twentieth century Quantum theory is weird In 1905, Albert Einstein suggested that light was a particle, not a wave, defying a century of experiments Werner Heisenberg's uncertainty principle and Erwin Schrodinger's famous dead-and-alive cat are similarly strange As Niels Bohr said, if you weren't shocked by quantum theory, you didn't really understand it While "Quantum" sets the science in the context of the great upheavals of the modern age, Kumar's centrepiece is the conflict between Einstein and Bohr over the nature of reality and the soul of science 'Bohr brainwashed a whole generation of physicists into believing that the problem had been solved', lamented the Nobel Prize-winning physicist Murray Gell-Mann But in "Quantum", Kumar brings Einstein back to the centre of the quantum debate "Quantum" is the essential read for anyone fascinated by this complex and thrilling story and by the band of brilliant men at its heart