Abstract: Three Fe-C-Ni synthetic alloys differing in Ni content have been produced, powder borided for 15 h at 850° C with a B4C-base mixture and then characterized by using surface Mossbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, metallography and microhardness measurements. The nature and disposition of the interaction products, boriding depths and hardness values of the predominant boride Fe2B have been determined. The role of the Ni content in the alloy on the boriding process has been outlined.

Abstract: Component of electrowinning or electrorefining cell, which component in use is normally covered with molten aluminum or in electrical contact with another component which is in contact with molten aluminum. Surface and/or inner portion of component is made of ceramic body formed by reaction sintering at pressures ranging from subatmospheric to superatmospheric of reactants, which can be elements, compounds, intermetallic compounds and/or alloys, in stoichiometric proportions to substantially form 10-90 mole percent of first phase or phases being boride phase or phases of one or more of the elements of Groups 4b, 5b and 6b, and 10-90 mole percent of oxide phase or phases being predominantly Al 2 O 3 ; and which phases have a maximum grain size substantially not greater than 15 μm. Also production cell, and method of producing aluminum in such cell, with the reaction sintered ceramic component.

Abstract: PURPOSE:To manufacture a diamond sintered body for tools having excellent heat resistance, strength and wear resistance by mixing coarse grain of diamond with the specified bonding material, treating by acid after hot pressing under high temperature and pressure and eluding a part of metallic component in the bonding material. CONSTITUTION:A powder mixture composed of 60-90% diamond coarse grain of >=3mum grain size especially 5-200mum grain size and the balance a bonding material having the following composition are made. As a bonding material, by capacity, 60-95% ultra fine grain diamond of >=1mum gain size, ultra fine grain carbide of the 4a, 5a, 6a group in the periodic table, especially 0.1-5% WC or (Mo, W), <10% Fe group metal of Fe, Ni, Co and the like or 0.005-0.15% boron the final sintered body of boride are utilized. The above mentioned powder mixture is hot-pressed by high temperature and pressure after a part of diamond is graphitized. The generated sintered bocy is treated by acid to elute a part of Fe group metals in the bonding material and to manufacture a diamond sintered boxy, which has 1-5% porosity.

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a titled long life tool of complicated shape or large size, by using specified substances for an intermediate layer in coating diamond on a base metal of hard metal containing carbide and nitride, and thereby coating stable diamond from gas phase. CONSTITUTION:The surface of a hard metal containing one or more carbide or/ and nitride is coated with an intermediate layer. This intermediate layer is made of carbide, nitride, oxide and boride of elements of IVa, Va, VIa groups of the periodic table, and compounds, mixtures thereof, and one or more of Al2O3, AlN, B4C, SiC, Si3N4, SiO2. A diamond film is coated from gas phase through the intermediate layer. Instability of the diamond film can be eliminated by the above way, and a cutting tool of remarkable long life can be obtained.

Abstract: TiB2 ceramics are of interest for use as cathodes in aluminum reduction cells. The behavior of hot-pressed TiB2 ceramics (containing 0 to 10 wt% nickel with a 5- to 12-μm boride grain) in liquid aluminum at 950°C is reported.

Abstract: Component of electrowinning or electrorefining cell, which component in use is normally in contact with molten aluminum or in electrical contact with another component which is in contact with molten aluminum. Surface and/or inner portion of component is made of cermet body formed by reaction sintering at pressures ranging from subatmospheric to superatmospheric of reactants, which can be elements, compounds, intermetallic compounds and/or alloys, in stoichiometric proportions to substantially form 30-95 mole percent of first phase or phases being boride, carbide, nitride, silicide, sulfide or combination thereof of one or more of the elements of Groups 4b, 5b and 6b, and 5-70 mole percent of second phase or phases being aluminum, alloy or intermetallic compound thereof, or combination thereof; and the maximum grain size of the first phase or phases is substantially not greater than 10 μm. Also production cell, and method of producing aluminum in such cell, with the reaction sintered cermet component.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a boride dispersed copper alloy by preparing a metallic material having a surface portion comprising at least one of Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Fe, Mg, Mo, Nb, Pt, Ta, W and Zr, and copper or an alloy thereof, and diffusing boron into the surface portion. The resulting material includes fine boride particles uniformly dispersed in the surface portion and is useful as a material for electrical contacts or sliding parts due to its high wear, adhesion and arc resistance and high electrical conductivity.

Abstract: An optically readable information disc having a reflective optical structure which comprises a reflective layer which is composed of a nitride, carbide or boride of a transition metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, chromium, niobium, molybdenum, lanthanum, tantalum and tungsten.

Abstract: Ceramic body formed by reaction sintering at pressures ranging from subatmospheric to superatmospheric of admixed and shaped reactants, which can be elements, compounds, intermetallic compounds and/or alloys, in stoichiometric proportions to substantially form 5-95 mole percent of nitride phase or phases of one or both of Al and Si, and 5-95 mole percent of second phase or phases being boride, carbide, silicide and/or sulfide of one or more of elements of Groups 3b including lanthanide and actinide series elements, 4b, 5b and 6b, which phases have a maximum grain size substantially not greater than 10 μm and which body contains 0 to 4 weight percent oxygen.

Abstract: 1. Adding as much as 0.5% Cu to steel microalloyed with boron (as much as 0.003%) increases the solubility of boron in austenite and prevents precipitation of brittle boron-containing phase in austenite grain boundaries. This simplifies the melting procedure for steels with boron. 2. In steels with a higher boron content (0.003–0.005%) that are additionally alloyed with copper the borides are evenly precipitated within grains and in grain boundaries as small equiaxed inclusions. No boride phase was detected in cast or rolled steel with 0.003% B and 0.41% Cu. 3. Adding copper to steel with boron increases the stability of supercooled austenite somewhat and has no negative effect on the hardenability of the steel. 4. After heat treatment, steel with boron and copper has higher values of the strength and especially the fracture toughness as compared with steel with boron but without copper. The ductility of the steel with both additions is fairly high and approaches that of unalloyed steel as the tempering temperature is raised. Adding copper lowers the ductile-brittle transition temperature of steel containing boron.

Abstract: PURPOSE:To efficiently generate hydrogen at ordinary temp. and pressure by allowing W, Mo or a compound thereof to act as catalyst on an alkaline aqueous formaldehyde soln. CONSTITUTION:One or more among Mo, W, molybdenum carbide, tungsten carbide, molybdenum nitride and tungsten boride are used as catalyst. By adding the catalyst to an alkaline aqueous formaldehyde soln. contg. >= about 0.1mole/l formaldehyde and >= about 1mole/l KOH or NaOH and mixing them, hydrogen is generated.

Abstract: PURPOSE: To produce an electrical contact and sliding material having a surface part dispersed uniformly with borides and having excellent performance, by penetrating and dispersing B in a metallic material having the surface layer part consisting of a thin layer contg. gold, silver, etc. and Be, Mg, Al, etc. CONSTITUTION: ≥1 Kinds among Be, Mg, Al, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Ga, As, Zr, Nb, Mo, Pd, Cd, Ta, W and Pt are coated on the surface of gold, silver gold alloy, or silver alloy which is a base material by electroplating or the like; thereafter, the material is heat-treated to diffuse said element into the surface layer part, and metallic material of which the surface layer part from at least the surface down to 0.01W0.1mm depth contains 0.5W40atom% the above-mentioned elements as an alloy or fine particles and the balance is gold, silver gold alloy, or silver alloy is obtd. B is penetrated and diffused in such metallic material to form the fine particles consisting of the borides of the above-mentioned elements in the surface layer part of the metallic material, whereby the boride diffused alloy is produced and a metallic material suited for an electrical contact material, a sliding material, etc. is obtd. COPYRIGHT: (C)1984,JPO&Japio

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a lanthanum-boride thermionic emission electrode with increased life by depositing lanthanum boride over a high-melting-point metal electrode material by ion beam sputtering vapor deposition, with a deposition layer of a specified metal or metal oxide interposed between the electrode material and the lanthanum boride deposition layer CONSTITUTION:At least one compound chosen from among carbon, Re, Ta, Al2O3, SiO2 and B2O3 is deposited on the surface of a high-melting-point metal electrode material such as W, Mo or Ta by ion beam sputtering vapor deposition, thereby forming a lower layer A lanthanum boride layer is formed on the surface of the above lower layer by subjecting a lanthanum boride having a high luminance and a high decomposing ability, such as LaB6, to ion beam sputtering vapor deposition In addition, as occasion demands, an outer layer is formed on the above lanthanum boride layer through the vapor deposition of at least one compound chosen from among the metals and the metal oxides used for the above lower layer Owing to the double layer formation, any reaction which might be caused between the lanthanum boride and the electrode material during the use of the electrode can be prevented, and the stability of the electrode is enhanced Besides, formation of the outer layer can prevent any damage to the lanthanum boride layer, which might be caused due to collisions between ionized C, H, H2O, N or the like

Abstract: 1. The high-frequency electromagnetic field in an induction salt bath does not cause reduction of boron in borax in boriding. 2. The processes of carburization and rectification in an induction salt bath with a graphite crucible intensify the boriding process. 3. In liquid boriding in an induction salt bath a "reinforced" type boride structure is formed. Parts with such a structure (dies, tools, measuring instruments) possess increased resistance to crack formation. 4. The microhardness of the boride phases formed in induction salt baths does not differ from that obtained in normal boriding. 5. Solution by the molten salt of the products of failure of the graphite lining in an induction salt bath does not cause a decrease in the intensity of the boriding process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a carbon fibre material impregnated with a heat-curing resin binder comprising a flexible, heat-curing resin containing a refractory metal which reacts with boron to give a metal boride, and a heat-curing resin containing a boron compound.

Abstract: 1. The minimum wear rate in an abrasive medium is exhibited by a layer whose friction surface is a matrix of Fe2B containing 10–30% of monoboride FeB inclusions. 2. For single-phase layers consisting of Fe2B a higher (by a factor of 1.4 to 1.5) wear rate is typical. 3. The wear rate of solid FeB layers is not less than the wear rate of Fe2B layers although the hardness of Fe2B is less than that of FeB.

Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain a surface layer part with superior wear and welding resistances by introducing a specified amount of an element such as Al, As or Cd into the surface layer part of copper up to a specified depth in the form of fine particles and diffusing boron by cementation to form the boride of said element. CONSTITUTION: The surface of copper or a copper alloy is coated with 1 or ≥2 kinds of elements selected from Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Fe, Mg, Mo, Nb, Pt, Ta, W and Zr, an it is heat treated to diffuse 0.5W40atomic% fine particles of the elements in the surface layer part having 0.03W0.1mm depth from the surface. Boron is then diffused in the metallic material by cementation to form fine particles of the borides of said elements in the surface layer part of the metallic material. Thus, a copper alloy contg. dispersed boride and showing arc resistance and high electric conductivity is obtd. COPYRIGHT: (C)1983,JPO&Japio

Abstract: The structure of boride layers and the transition zone in a 45 steel, 18-8 stainless steel, Cr12Mo tool steel, and GT-35 hard metal were studied. The boron content was determined layer-by-layer by emission spectroscopy with a glow discharge source. The redistribution of alloy elements during boronization was determined by electron probe microanalysis. The phases present in the boride layer and transition zone in GT-35 hard metal were quantitatively determined layer-by-layer by X-ray diffraction with an internal standard.

Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve flank and rake face wear resistances of a tool and remarkably increase a life of the tool, by coating a base body surface consisting of tool steel or the like with dispersed and evaporation deposited material of high hardness powder. CONSTITUTION:To the surface of a base body 3 consisting of sintered carbide, cermet, ceramics or tool steel, one or at least two of the high hardness powders 1, consisting of, for instance, diamond, wurtzite boron nitride, aluminum oxide and carbide, nitride, boride, etc. of 4a, 5a, 6a group metals, are mixed and dispersed by liquid paraffin or organic solvent, and applied by the method of feather and pulverulent painting, then the base body applied with these powdery materials is placed in a furnace, finally an evaporation deposition 2 is coated onto a surface of the base body in a state of adjusting temperature and the atmosphere in the furnace.

Abstract: The amount of conduction electrons grows with the rise in nickel concentration in the boride phases. The Fermi energy shifts toward larger values, and the contribution of the two electron bands to conduction increases. With rise in temperature, for the NiB phase the overlapping of the zones and the effective carrier mass decrease, but for Ni2B and Ni3B the latter increases.

Abstract: PURPOSE:To easily obtain an alumina coated hard alloy tool, by coating a hard alloy with an inner layer comprising carbide, nitride, carbonitride, boride or boronitride of one kind or more Ti, V, Cr, Mo, W or Si and an outer layer comprising alumina constituted of amorphous alumina and crystalline alumina. CONSTITUTION:A hard alloy is used as a matrix material and, on the surface thereof, a coating layer comprising one kind or more carbide, nitride, carbonitride, boride or boronitride of one kind or more Ti, V, Cr, Mo, W or Si is formed in a thickness of 0.5-10mum. In the next step, plasma chemical vapor deposition is applied to the coated matrix material at 500-900 deg.C in an atmosphere comprising AlCl3, H2, CO and H2O to form a layer comprising alumina constituted of amorphous alumina and crystalline alumina with a particle size of 0.01- 0.5mum in a thickness of 0.5-10mum. The amount of amorphous alumina in said alumina layer is adjusted to 10-60vol%.

Abstract: PURPOSE:To produce a high strength heat resistant dispersion-hardened type metallic material by coating the surfaces of metallic powder with org compounds contg specific metals, and subjecting the same to heat treatment then to cold or hot pressing or forging followed by sintering CONSTITUTION:Powder of Fe, Fe alloy or other metals or alloys and metal contg org compounds which are liquid or dissolve in org solvent at room temp or melt by heating are mixed, whereby the metal-contg org compounds are coated on the surfaces of the particles of metals or alloys Org compounds of metals that can form silicide, carbide, nitride, carbonitride, oxide, boride, etc, of Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Ta and others are used as said metal contg org compounds Such coated metallic particles are molded by cold or hot pressing, rolling, forging or the like, after which the moldings are heated and sintered in wet argon, nitrogen, hydrogen and atmosphere, whereby the high strength heat resistant dispersion-hardened type metallic material bound and intensified with the metallic compounds of high strength and heat resistance is produced

Abstract: PURPOSE:To enable sufficient thermonic emission even under low temperature, by employing a boride as an impregnation material while employing a carbide as a structural member. CONSTITUTION:One end of a cylindrical hot cathode 8 for follow-cathode discharge is connected through an intermediate member 7 to one end of a cathode container 1 while an end board 9 having an orifice 9a is fixed to the opening at the other end of the hot cathode 8. A heater 5 is contained in the hot cathode 8. The hot cathode 8 is formed by impregnating the boride such as LaB6 into the carbide such as WC. Since the boride having low work factor and strong against the ion shock is employed as the kmpregnation material, sufficient thermionic emission is achieved even under relatively low temperature.

Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve the adhesive strength of the coating film of a titled tool and to reduce the chipping during cutting in the stage of subjecting a superhard alloy of a base material to a high frequency heating treatment then to a coating treatment during cooling after sintering by executing sintering, heating and coating stages without exposure to the atmospheric air CONSTITUTION:Powder 1 of mixed carbide metals is pressed 2 to a tool shape and is sintered 3 While it is in the state of about >=1,000 degC right after said sintering stage or during the course of cooling or just prior to the next coating stage, it is subjected to induction heating 4 by high frequecies for a short time, whereby the ridge lines of the tool are melted locally Following to this, it is allowed to cool of itself down to around 1,000 degC, after which the tool is coated 5 and is removed to the outside of the furnace after cooling In the entire stage from the insertion into the sintering furnace till the removal therefrom after the coating, the tool is kept unexposed to the atmospheric air Here, >=1 kind selected from carbide, nitride, boride, and oxide of IVa, Va, VIa group metals as well as their solid solns and mixtures and one or more kinds materials selected from such as Al2O3, AlN, Si3N4, SiC, B4C and the like are coated on the tool in >= layers

Abstract: When a mixture of Nb2O5 and boron is heated to about 3000°C and subsequently annealed at about 2000°C in an argon plasma arc, NbB2 is obtained The products are found to be superconductors, theTcof which is higher than 4 K Some properties of the products, such as Vickers hardness and density, are comparable with those of NbB2 prepared from niobium and boron In the reaction forming NbB2, a white powder is also obtained The powder is identified as H3BO3 and is formed by the reaction between BO and water in the atmosphere Therefore, the reaction of NbB2 formation can be written as Nb2O5+9B=2NbB2+5BO

Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide a ferromagnetic composite alloy powder having corrosion resistance and anti-wear property, obtained by quenching and solidifying a molten alloy containing a proper amount of a fine powder comprising carbide onto a matrix alloy having a composition consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Cr or the like and Si or the like. CONSTITUTION: A molten alloy containing 0.01W75vol% of a fine powder comprising carbide, oxide, nitride, boride or silicide alone or a composite compound or a mixture thereof is quenched and coagulated onto a matrix alloy shown by a formula (FeCoNiMn) 100-x-y TxMy (T is one or more of Cr, Mo, W, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ru or Pt, M is one or more of Si, B, P, C or Ge, x is 0.1W20 and y is 15W 30) to obtain a corrosion resistant and abrasion resistant ferromagnetic composite alloy powder. In this case, it is pref. that 50% or more of the matrix of the composite alloy powder obtained by the above mentioned method is preferentially an amorphous state. COPYRIGHT: (C)1984,JPO&Japio

Abstract: PURPOSE:To manufacture a composite material with superior strength and tenacity, by incorporating finely and uniformly prescribed second phase particle in a matrix of a super-rapidly chilled alloy. CONSTITUTION:When Ni-Si-B contg. alloy or the other alloy is manufactured in an amorphous ribbon state or the like by super-rapidly chilling from its molten metal, fine second phase particles having no compatibility with the alloy are mixed with the molten raw material alloy and chilled rapidly. In the above-described molten alloy to be a matrix, as the second phase particle, at least one kind particle among carbide having <=1mum diameter such as WC, TiC, NbC; nitride such as NbN, TaN; oxide such as ThO2, Al2O3; boride such as BN, and particle of metal or alloy is mixed, and the mixed molten metal is chilled super-rapidly at a lower temp. than the melting point of the second phase particle by blowing the molten metal to a roll or the like revolving at high speed. AN alloy film or the like consisting of the amorphous matrix in which the second phase particle is dispersed uniformly, and having superior strength and tenacity is manufactured.