Abstract: Radio frequency sputtering was used to deposit refractory carbide, silicide, and boride coatings on 440‐C steel substrates. Both sputter etched and pre‐oxidized substrates were used and the films were deposited with and without a substrate bias. The composition of the coatings was determined as a function of depth by x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy combined with argon ion etching. Friction and wear tests were conducted to evaluate coating adherence. In the interfacial region there was evidence that bias may produce a graded interface for some compounds. Biasing, while generally improving bulk film stoichiometry, can adversely affect adherence by removing interfacial oxide layers. in all cases but the iron oxide coverage was only complete on the preoxidized substrates. The film and iron oxides were mixed in the MoSi2 and Mo2C films but layered in the Mo2B5 films. In the case of mixed oxides, pre‐oxidation enhanced film adherence. In the layered case it did not.

Abstract: Submicron carbon-containing titanium diboride powder and other hard, refractory metal boride powders, such as zirconium diboride and hafnium diboride powders, are prepared by vapor phase reaction of the corresponding metal halide, e.g., titanium halide, vaporous carbon source, and boron source reactants in the presence of hydrogen in a reaction zone and in the substantial absence of oxygen, either combined or elemental. In a preferred embodiment, the metal halide, e.g., titanium tetrachloride, carbon source, e.g., halogenated hydrocarbon, and boron source, e.g., boron trichloride, reactants are mixed with a hot stream of hydrogen produced by heating hydrogen in a plasma heater. The reaction zone is maintained at metal boride forming temperatures and submicron solid, carbon-containing metal boride powder is removed promptly from the reactor and permitted to cool. The preponderant number of metal boride particles comprising the powder product have a particle size in the range of between 0.05 and 0.7 microns. The metal boride powder product contains a minor amount of carbon, e.g., from above 0.1 to about 5 percent by weight total carbon. Alternatively, submicron metal carbide powders, e.g., titanium, zirconium, hafnium or boron carbide powders, or finely-divided carbon can be blended physically with submicron metal boride powder prepared as described above but in the absence of the carbon source reactant to provide metal borides containing a minor concentration of carbon in the amounts previously indicated. The above described carbon-containing titanium diboride powder compositions can be hot pressed, or cold pressed and sintered to articles having densities of at least 95 percent of theoretical. Such articles can be used as current conducting elements, e.g., cathodes, in electrolytic cells for production of aluminum.

Abstract: Porous refractory articles resistant to degradation at high temperatures for example by oxygen, chlorine and the like, are composed of a main body of a porous sintered carbide, nitride, boride or silicide which is coated with silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride The coating is not only on the surface of the main body of the porous refractory article, but also penetrates the article to a depth at least greater than the depth of the surface pores

Abstract: A metal bonded abrasive body comprising diamond or cubic boron nitride abrasive particles held in a metal bonding matrix, the metal bonding matrix consisting of cobalt, present in an amount of at least 50 percent by weight of the matrix, and boron in the form of cobalt borides substantially uniformly distributed through the matrix. The invention also provides for a method of producing such bodies which includes mixing cobalt or a cobalt alloy, in powder form, with diamond or cubic boron nitride particles and sintering the mixture to produce the body and is characterized in that the cobalt or alloy powder is mixed with a boriding powder and sintered at a temperature of 800° C. to 1000° C. to boride the cobalt, the boriding taking place before or during the body-forming sintering step.

Abstract: A boron-containing nickel or cobalt spray-and-fuse self-fluxing alloy powder contains hard precipitates of chromium boride and, optionally, chromium carbide which are internally precipitated from a melt of said alloy. Such alloy powder is made by atomizing the melt at about the temperature at which the melt is viscous.

Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide a thermal neutron absorbing material having good hot-workability and corrosion resistance by a method wherein a proper amount of V is added to B-containing stainless steel to form V borides, which, while improving the configuration of boride phase, is made solid solution within borides essentially consisting of Fe and Cr as to enhance boride phase stability. CONSTITUTION: A B-contg. austenite stainless steel consists of C<0.12%, Si<3%, Mn<2%, Ni: 4.5W15%, Cr: 20W30%, Mo<5%, B: 0.5W4%, and V: 0.8W15%. This steel further includes, in a single form or complex form, at least one of Zr, Nb, Hf, Ta, W, Al, Sm, Gd, Eu, Dy, Cd, In, and Er in 5% or less, at least one of Re, Ru, Rh, Be, and Ce in 0.5% or less, and at least one of Ca and Mg in 0.1% or less. The obtained material has a large absorption capability for thermal neutron, is excellent in corrosion resistance and workability, and therefore is useful as cooling pit shielding material for used nuclear fuel rods. COPYRIGHT: (C)1980,JPO&Japio

Abstract: PURPOSE: To manufacture sintered body tool excellent in strength and abrasion resisting property, by mixing fine powder of carbide, nitride or boride of 4a, 5a and 6a group with raw material diamond powder and pressing under high pressure and temperature after molding. CONSTITUTION: Iron group metal powder is mixed with 95W30vol% of diamond powder of not more than 1μ and the remainder vol% of not less than one kind of carbide, nitride or boride of 4a, 5a, 6a group metals and these solid solution powder of not more than 1μ. The above mixture is put in the ultra high pressure apparatus and hot press is carried out under the condition of high pressure and temperature at the state of being the diamond stable after carrying out press molding. By the above method, grain growth of diamond is repressed and high strength sintered body excellent in abrasion resisting property, is obtained. The above sintered body is applied for drawing die required beautiful finishing face or bite for cutting of Al alloy or Cu alloy. COPYRIGHT: (C)1980,JPO&Japio

Abstract: Several refractory silicide, boride, and carbide coatings were examined. The coatings were applied to type 440C steel surfaces by radio-frequency sputtering. The friction and wear properties of the coatings were found to be related to stoichiometry and impurity content of the bulk coating as well as the degree of interfacial adherence between coating and substrate. Bulk coating stoichiometry could to a large extent be controlled by the application of a negative bias voltage during deposition. Adherence was promoted by the formation of an oxidized layer at the interface. Deliberate preoxidizing of the 440C produced enhanced adherence for many compounds which are related to the formation of a mixed oxide transition region.

Abstract: Ti and Ti alloy is provided with a hard, wear resistant surface layer by applying a thin coating of a material which contains a boride and/or carbide of >=1 of the elements Ti, V, Zr and Nb, and by fusing the coating with the substrate surface using an energy beam such as an electron beam. The method is simple and the depth and area of the hard surface layer can be controlled with accuracy.

Abstract: A thermal head consists of a substrate with a resistance heating element on the substrate and electrical conductors to carry the current to the heating element The resistance heating element consists of a metal boride, pref Hf, Zr, La, Ta, V, Nb, W, Cr, Ti or Mo borides or their mixts Alternatively, the heating element contains a metal boride and oxygen The element may be coated with a layer of SiO2 and/or a protective layer of Ta2O5, Al2O3, MgO, or ZrO2 The substrate pref consists of a glazed base of a material with good thermal conductivity and a glass layer On this glazed base is another glass layer consisting of a glass with low alkali content and a softening pt of 745 degrees C This glass layer may be quartz The thermal head is used for the thermal recording of information The specific resistance of the heating element mah be set to a high value The head is suitable for high speed printing and has a long operational life

Abstract: The superconducting and magnetic transitions were investigated under hydrostatic pressure up to about 19 kbar in the rare-earth rhodium boride ternaries, Er1−xGdxRh4B4, near the critical concentration of Gd above which the superconducting transition is completely suppressed. The superconducting transition temperature remains almost unchanged under pressure for all samples studied. The magnetic ordering temperature is enhanced linearly but at an increased rate as x approaches the critical concentration from below.

Abstract: A BN based hard material contg. at least one Group 3 element (B and/or Al) as an alloying additive contains in atomic % 42-61 B, 39-50 N2, 0.04-30 Gp3 element, 0.01-2 impurities. The material is made from a mixt. of a B and N source in stoichiometric proportions and 1-50% wt. of gp. 3 element of boride. The mixt. is hot pressed at 50-95 K bar and 1500-3000 degrees C. Used for cutting tools e.g. milling cutters, drill lints, saws, for (semi) finishing cast iron and quenched steel. The prod. improved hardness and wear resistance, inert and contains no components which hydrolyse in air.

Abstract: PURPOSE:To perform transfer of high accuracy by using a boride such as boron carbide or other for a mask substrate thereby increasing its transmittance of soft Xrays, increasing its strength, let it withstand mask patterning process and providing heat resistance

Abstract: PURPOSE:To stabilize resistance by evaporating zirconium boride with electron beam onto substrate of selected temperature then applying thermal processing under selected temperature.

Abstract: SiC ceramic having a density of >=95% theoretical density is made with the aid of an additive selected from SiB4, SiB6, AlB2, AlB12, BN or Al4C3, used in amt. 0.5-5 wt.% w.r.t. the wt. of SiC. The SiC ceramic is prepared by forming a homogeneous dispersion of 3 mu dia particles of SiC and the chosen additive (10 mu particles) and heating the dispersion to bring the density to the desired value, pref. under a pressure >=250 kg/cm2. and in a neutral atmosphere, at 1900-2100 degrees C for 5-30 mins. Process is less expensive than prior art since particles larger than 1 mu may be used, with consequent saving of grinding energy.

Abstract: The axial residual stress distribution as a function of radius was determined from the fiber surface to the core including the average residual stress in the core. Such measurements on boron on tungsten (B/W) fibers show that the residual stresses for 102, 142, 203, and 366 micron diameter fibers were similar, being compressive at the surface and changing monotonically to a region of tensile within the boron. At approximately 25 percent of the original radius, the stress reaches a maximum tensile stress of about 860 mn/sq.m and then decreases to a compressive stress near the tungsten boride core. Data were presented for 203 micron diameter B/W fibers that show annealing above 900 C reduces the residual stresses. A comparison between 102 micron diameter B/W and boron on carbon (b/C) shows that the residual stresses were similar in the outer regions of the fibers, but that large differences near and in the core were observed. The effects of these residual stresses on the fracture of boron fibers were discussed.

Abstract: PURPOSE:To make higher the luminance with less heating power, by constituting the thermal electron emitting cathode through unified molding the boride emitter and the heating and supporting bodies consisting of boron carbide supporting and heating the emitter with a high temperature press moulding.

Abstract: PURPOSE:To reduce the carrier life in base, collector regions by diffusing boron (B) at a high concentration with a boride as an impurity source and also letting heavy metals contained at a slight quantity be diffused.

Abstract: PURPOSE:To reduce the damage of a recording stylus and facilitate its working step by providing a surface hardening treatment, such as ,ion nitriding or boride treatment on the center of a stylus piece of a metal plate for forming a multi-stylus electrode, connecting it to a holder for a lead elcctrode, and thereafter cutting it.

Abstract: 1 The brittleness of boride coatings can be determined quite accurately and efficiently by the acoustic emissions method 2 The addition of copper to the reaction mixture and subsequent heat treatment make it possible to reduce the brittleness of boride coatings

Abstract: A cantilever for a pickup cartridge comprising a base in the form of a solid rod or a pipe coated with a layer of a substance exhibiting a high modulus of elasticity ratio higher than 5000 Kg/mm 2 . The substance is for example boron or a boride. Described also is a process for manufacture of cantilevers wherein low pressure chemical vapor deposition or plasma chemical vapor deposition is used to cause the reaction between boron trichloride (BCl 3 ) and hydrogen (H 2 ) gases, thereby depositing boron or a boride on a base.

Abstract: A novel shaped catalyst material having improved crush strength for catalysing the liq. phase epoxidation of a 2-60 C olefin with an organic hydroperoxide consists of 80-95 wt. % finely divided particles of tungsten boride bonded by 5-20 wt. % of preoxidised aluminium powder having an oxide coating constituting 5-10 vol. % of the powder. Pref. the catalyst is formed into pellets and heated in an inert atmos. at 475-570 degrees C. The Al powder is preoxidised by exposure to moist air at 200-250 degrees F until the wt. has increased by 5-10%.

Abstract: 1. A high rate of formation of a biphase boride coating (80–90μ) was attained in the first hour of boriding steel 40Kh in a mixture of 80% B+16% Na2B4O7+4% KBF4. 2. The boride coatings obtained in this mixture with holding for 2–6 h are even and dense with no peeling and low brittleness, due to the use of relatively low processing temperatures. 3. Reducing the percentage of FeB phase in the coating reduces the probability of cracking. 4. The powdered mixture of 80% B+16% Na2B4O7+4% KBF4 is suitable for production and can be recommended for boriding steels.

Abstract: 1. During electrolytic boriding the bath is contaminated with impurities (primarily iron, with small amounts of chromium and manganese) due to the solution of the walls of crucibles made from oxidation resistant Cr−Ni alloys. The molten borax contains almost no nickel ions. 2. The participation of iron in the formation of the boride coating is inhibited by overcharging of iron ions, and in the precathode zone rich in boron there is constant borothermal reduction of iron oxide with formation of iron borides, which gradually accumulate in the viscous cathodic slime. 3. With poor contact between the part and the current carrier and high current densities between the cathode surface and bipolar boride particles the borate melt breaks down, which leads to defects in the boride coating such as the pock marks resulting from electroerosion.