Bitis

TL;DR: A new polyvalent anti-ophidian antivenom (Antivipmyn((R)) Africa) designed for use in the region is developed and employed in the field in a pragmatic Phase III clinical trial in the Republic of Benin.

TL;DR: Cyanogen bromide cleavage, and tryptic and chymotryptic digests provided the necessary overlapping peptides allowing the derivation of the complete amino acid sequence in Bitis gabonica phospholipase A.

TL;DR: It is concluded that EchiTAb-Plus-ICP has a good preclinical neutralizing profile against homologous and heterologous viperid venoms from other sub-Saharan African locations and constitutes a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of snakebite envenoming in this region.

TL;DR: There are considerable differences between the response of natural prey and a model arthropod (locust) to the venoms of Echis species, which suggests that when possible, natural prey rather than convenient model organisms should be used to gain an understanding of the functional significance of variation in venom composition in snakes.