BioMA

Abstract: This paper is one of results of the Project Conservacao e Manejo da Biodiversidade do Bioma Cerrado (CMBBC), coordinated by Embrapa Cerrados. The general objective of that project was to promote the conservation of the natural resources of the Cerrado. This paper synthesizes information about use, conservation and legal aspects concerning to the areas of Reserva Legal (private protected areas) of the Cerrado Biome, seeking to supply rural communities about activities that can be developed in those areas, as: use of native plants for feeding, handcraft, medicinal use, production of seedlings, creation of the wild fauna, apiculture, and ecological tourism.

Abstract: 1 -BioMa(Biophysical Model Application) is an application for analyzing, parameterizing and running modeling solutions. BioMa can be extended by the third parties who can add new modeling solutions to meet their requirements of crop modeling. CropSyst is an advanced model for crop growth simulation in the world. CropSyst model has been embedded in BioMa platform with some improvements, for example, with less default parameters, different model algorithm and more user-friendly interface, and links to other model solutions etc. Agricultural production system is increasingly threatened by climate change, the CropSyst model imbedded in BioMa in 2015 year was used to simulate and predict crop. Based on the latest BioMa-site model, and using LAI data, soil, crop phenology, above ground BioMass and yield data from 2012 to 2014 which come from 11 counties of winter wheat main producing areas in Hengshui city, Hebei province, North China, this paper firstly calibrated some model's parameters and evaluated the CropSyst model by comparing model estimates to field data, and after that, simulated and predicted the winter wheat BioMass and yield in “near-future” around 2030 (2021–2040) and “far-future” around 2050 (2041–2060) based on BioMa spatial, and compared model estimates results under two different future climate scenarios. The simulated results showed that using CropSyst model to simulate the winter wheat yield of North China is promising. The Pearson's correlation coefficient between observed yield and simulated yield is 0.97, the Modelling Efficiency is 0.94, and the Index of Agreement is 0.98. The winter wheat dry yield is higher in “near-future” around 2030(2021-2040) than “far-future” around 2050(2041-2060) both in climate scenario No. 1 and climate No. 9 based on 15grids mean data in North China, and dry AGB has the same tendency. Under both climate scenarios, winter wheat yield and above ground BioMass are much lower with irrigation situation, which showed that moister is a key factor to winter wheat during the growth. This study got a set of parameters that proved to be suitable to simulate winter wheat growth process and production in China and predicted future yield based on different climate scenarios and condition which could be a reference for future wheat management and national policy.

Abstract: The aim of the present work was to characterize the soils solution and to examine Al’s speciation in soils under pasture in Brazilian Cerrado region. The soils used in this study were collected in the space between the towns of Goiânia, GO and Barra do Garcas, MT, to the margins of GO – 060 and BR – 154 highways. For the collection of soil solutions it was used a special equipment built with a PVC tube whose inferior extremity was coupled to a porous tip of special ceramic. To quantify the aluminum ionic species, two methods were used: chemical method of “ aluminon “ and the method WHAM (geochemical speciation model). The results allowed to conclude that the predominant aluminum ionic species varied in function of soil type, pH and concentration of NO 3- in the soil solution. More abundant Al’s species in the soils were Al-M.O., Al 3+ and Al(OH) 4- , in this order.