Abstract: Increasing collaboration of nutritionists and behavioral scientists is needed in order to bring about desirable long-term changes in eating patterns. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's growing interest in this area is described, and recent examples of such collaboration are noted. The two papers which follow--one emanating from the area of social psychology, the other from behavior modification--are introduced.

Abstract: The papers by Newcomb, McGrath, Berkowitz, and Manis concentrate heavily upon the experimental work of the laboratory. But social psychology goes beyond the walls of the laboratory and looks at social relations in field settings. In dealing with issues of socialization, processes of motivation, and problems of group relations, our contributors (Fairchild, Gurin, Seitz, Zigler, and Veroff) have utilized data from surveys, case studies, and natural observations because these more complex problems are difficult to approach in molecular fashion in the experimental laboratory. In general, we have given less attention in this issue to the progress which has been made in field studies than to that of the laboratory. In this final article, therefore, we would like to emphasize the development of a social psychology that joins hands with the other social sciences in the study of the social world-the second social psychology. This is similar but not identical to the distinction between a psychological and a sociological type of social psychology. It refers both to methods and concepts. The second type of social psychology to which we refer contributes to economic and political as well as sociological issues. It is psychological in its datagathering, in seeking observations and measures on individuals, but it is system-oriented with respect to theory and concepts. Since its inception. at the beginning of the century, we have had two social psychologies rather than one: experimental and field. The experimental approach received its initial major impetus from the laboratory work of Allport (1924) on social facilitaiion and social conformity. It follows closely the experimental techniques of individual psychology and

Abstract: As inquiry directed toward the development of interventional and other social technology for social work, developmental research involves those methods by which interventional innovations and other aspects of social technology are analyzed, designed, created, and evaluated. Interventional innovation in developmental research is a very different paradigm from the more familiar behavioral science model of research oriented toward knowledge building. The purposes and outcomes of inquiry and the phases, operations, methods, and sources of data of developmental research are highlighted by contrasting this new model of research with more conventional methods. The introduction of developmental research into social work increases the number of available research methods and promises to strengthen its technical capability to accomplish its objectives. Developmental research may be the single most appropriate model of research for social work; this and other implications for graduate education in social work are di...

Abstract: As a discipline, educational technology is about to pass from its late adolescence into early adulthood. If its birth can roughly, and perhaps arbitrarily, be placed in the late 1950s, then educational technology is nearly two decades old. Some would say that a discipline about whose name there is no certainty is no discipline at all, and educational technology has a variety of other labels--instructional systems development, instructional design, and, occasionally, educational engineering. Putting aside for the moment these variations in name preference, it may be useful, as we anticipate our "coming of age," to take stock of where we are, where we came from, and where we might be going. It could be argued that educational technology is still trying to become a legitimate academic discipline. We have no professional society exclusively ours, though educat ional technologists find acceptance in other associations, such as the American Psychological Association and the American Educational Research Association, and in some of the traditional education societies. We have few journals. However, an increasing number of institutions offer graduate degree specialties in educational technology, and there is a sizable and growing body of research literature in the field. The academic programs at such universities as Indiana, Southern California, Brigham Young, Syracuse, Florida State, and

Abstract: This paper focuses on select strengths and problems of women in midlife as viewed from a discussion and synthesis of an array of social and behavioral science findings Starting with a definition of what constitutes midlife, crises, and reverberations, the paper addresses some commonly preferred support networks chosen by women in midlife with particular emphasis as to the perceived value of each as factors in adjustment and life satisfaction This information is subsequently used to identify a number of implicit and explicit practice and research recommendations

Abstract: This chapter is concerned with two topics: (1) the present status of cognitive theories in social psychology, and (2) our present state of knowledge concerning attitude change. In the first section we will consider a number of conceptions that focus on the organized character of our social cognitions. The second section presents a brief summary of major findings in the domain of attitude change, with special emphasis on a cognitive approach to these phenomena.

Abstract: A recent change in many medical curricula has been the introduction of courses in the behavioural sciences. These courses, while introduced with the intention of emphasizing interpersonal and behavioural skills, have not been shown to lead to any of the changes towards which they are directed. Rather, there is evidence that students find these courses ‘waffly’ and boring. If the sociology component of these courses is to lead to change, then there is the need for a continuing process of evaluation and modification. In this paper we report upon one medical sociology course, its evaluation, subsequent modification and re‐evaluation. Our evidence would suggest that sociology courses can lead to changed attitudes and values, but that such changes are contingent upon the overt application of relevant sociological concepts to the health care field. 1978 Blackwell Publishing

Abstract: Drawing on concepts from such areas as information processing and cognitive processes in learning, learning task analysis, and interactive research techniques, this paper discusses a model for inst...

Abstract: Reanalysis of existing data is a common practice of methodologists. Here, data on relationships among sex, publications, and salary for male and female faculty members are reanalyzed to demonstrate the problems inherent in attempting to draw causal inferences from correlational data in the social sciences.

Abstract: Dental health professionals are frequently frustrated when they present preventive or therapeutic regimens to patients. This paper describes an approach to the teaching of behavioral science designed to familiarize the dental student with applying behavioral change techniques to dental problems. Ninety-nine second-year dental students participated in the two-credit course. Students were taught in six groups, each led by a clinician-behavioral scientist team. The behavioral science materials were presented in five slide-tape programs developed by the authors. The key to the course was a behavior change project in which each student identified a problem, designed an intervention strategy, and attempted to manage the problem using the behavioral techniques presented.

Abstract: In this age of modern era, the use of internet must be maximized. Yeah, internet will help us very much not only for important thing but also for daily activities. Many people now, from any level can use internet. The sources of internet connection can also be enjoyed in many places. As one of the benefits is to get the on-line the history of psychology and the behavioral sciences a bibliographic guide book, as the world window, as many people suggest.

Abstract: Modern cognitive psychology is today’s dominant theoretical force in behavioral science. More than ever before, complex mental behaviors are being investigated in rigorous scientific ways. However, while cognitive psychology is becoming increasingly mature in its attempts to model the complexity of human performance, it is a fledgling in the domain of applications to education and instruction. At the present time, cognitive psychology’s findings and techniques have not significantly influenced teaching practices, instructional processes, nor the design of conditions for learning.