Abstract: A counter flow heat exchanger comprising a plurality of tubes disposed in a bundle array or tube within tube configuration to enhance heat transfer between high and low pressure tubes in the array or tube in tube configuration Also disclosed are a method of increasing the heat transfer capacity of a tube bundle heat exchanger and a liquid helium temperature refrigerator or a reliquefier utilizing the heat exchanger

Abstract: A second order gradient microphone Fig. 1 with unidirectional sensitivity pattern is obtained by housing each of two commercially available first order gradient microphones 14, 24 centrally within a baffle 12, 22. The baffles have flat surfaces, are preferably square or circular and have parallel surfaces the two baffles being parallel to each other. The rotational axes of the microphones are arranged to coincide. The output signal from one of the microphones is substracted from the delayed signal output of the other.

Abstract: Apparatus for removing entrained liquid from a gas stream comprises a cylindrical casing (67) designed to be mounted so that its axis is substantially vertical. An inlet port (62) and a gas outlet port (63) are provided adjacent to the upper end of the casing and drain means (80) are provided at the lower end of the casing whereby separated liquid may be drained therefrom. A gas outlet tube (75) coaxial with the inner surface of the casing, extends downwardly from the upper end thereof, the outlet tube communicating at its upper end with the gas outlet port (63). A plurality of baffles (72) are arranged in an annulus around the outer surface of the outlet tube (75), the baffles being located downstream of the inlet port (62) and shaped to impart a spinning movement to the incoming gas stream. An impingement plate (77) is located downstream of the baffles and has an upper surface extending transversely across the path of the air stream leaving the baffles. The lower end of the gas outlet tube (75) lies below the level of the impingement plate and above the level of the drain means.

Abstract: A fuel filter has a semipermeable spiral baffle with an open circuitous spiral channel between spiral flights of filter media. Fuel may pass radially (inwardly or outwardly) through the media which preferentially slows water and other contaminants such that the contaminants tend to "settle" in the channel and slowly flow out of the baffle to a contaminant collection zone.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for selectively dispensing discrete quantities of elongated ice pieces from a supply thereof. The apparatus includes a baffle defining an upper edge and mechanism adjacent the baffle for causing ice pieces received from the supply to extend lengthwise generally parallel to the baffle and to be translated upwardly to above the level of the baffle upper edge while concurrently tipping the ice pieces over the upper edge to pass to forwardly of the baffle for dispensing thereof. In the illustrated embodiment, the transfer mechanism is defined by at least one helical vane extending from a rearward transfer position to a forward dispensing position defined by the upper edge of the baffle. In the illustrated embodiment, the vanes extend approximately 105° about an axis of rotation thereof within a tubular drum. The apparatus may include a constant speed dispensing mechanism and a timer control for any one of a plurality of preselected time periods. Each time period is preselected to provide a preselected amount of ice bodies from the dispenser. The control further provides dynamic braking of the transfer mechanism motor, and an actuator for automatically initiating operation of a dispensing cycle.

Abstract: A tank truck (10) for carrying fuel has a tank (12) whose shell (18) is supported by a baffle (20) The vertical cross section of the baffle is straight, but its horizontal cross section has two concave sections (48 and 50) and a convex section (52) Horizontal ribs (30 and 32) are secured to the face of the baffle (20) and help it to maintain the desired cross-sectional shape

Abstract: There is provided a mixing and blending apparatus having an axial impeller mounted for rotation in a container. A removable stationary baffle is spaced radially outwardly of the impeller blade with at least a portion extending upwardly from the plane of rotation of the impeller. The baffle has at least two axially spaced aperture means located intermediate the inner and outer edges of the baffle at a location in the upwardly extended portion of the baffle means to permit a portion of the mixable material to which rotational motion has been imparted to flow through the baffle. The baffle is held in position in the container by means of a screw and wing nut.

Abstract: A spray booth that provides an improved, more uniform circulation of air past the operator and workpiece and a more effective cleaning of the air of oversprayed particulates. A plurality of water washes are utilized in the air cleaning section of the spray booth. The spraying section includes an open-faced front user portal with a grated flooring. The cleaning section includes three water washes. The first water wash underlies the grated flooring and has a spillway that slopes downward from the front of the portal towards the rear. The second water wash is disposed at the rear of the spraying section and includes a plurality of baffle surfaces that extend across the width of the spraying section from the ceiling toward the spillway, with the bottoms of the baffle surfaces and the surface of the spillway defining a space therebetween. A panel is provided for deflecting air flow downwardly from the space behind the baffle surfaces, with the panel being spaced from the baffle surfaces in an increasing distance in the downward direction. The air from the first and second water washes flows into a restricted throat to increase its air velocity sufficiently to lift water particles and this high velocity air flow and water particle mixture is discharged into an enlarged third water wash and is deflected to cause turbulence to wet air borne spray particles.

Abstract: An apparatus in which sheet material is decurled. The apparatus includes a baffle type decurler in which a sheet moving therethrough chooses one of three paths and baffles, depending on the direction and amount of curl. Spring loaded baffles in conjunction with idler rolls reverse bends the sheets in two of the three paths.

Abstract: A roof ridge ventilator (10) comprises a one piece cover member (12) including a pair of flaps (14) and a hinge (16) unitary with the flaps to permit pivotal movement therebetween in order to allow use of the ventilator on roof ridges of different angles, the cover member being designed to be placed underneath a standard cap shingle (20). A pair of vents (22) are located below the pair of cover member flaps (14), and each vent has openings (24) to permit air circulation through the roof ridge. Each vent (22) also has an interior baffle structure (26) that deflects the air flow to limit entry of foreign particles through the roof ridge. The ventilator easily accomplishes the necessary air flow while providing an attractive, nearly undetectable roof ridge ventilator.

Abstract: An improved flow distribution system for a catalytic reactor plenum chamber for a gas-liquid-solids ebullated bed reactor incudes a baffled nozzle device containing at least two baffle plates usually oriented substantially normal to the nozzle inlet flow direction for providing good mixing and uniform flow distribution of gas-liquid materials in the lower portion of the plenum, used in combination with distribution grid to effect a substantially uniform flow distribution of the gas/liquid mixture upwardly into the ebullated catalyst bed A sparger can be provided in the plenum above the baffled flow distributor device for feeding additional gas-liquid mixture into the reactor The flow distribution system provides a substantially uniform flow distribution of the gas-liquid mixture into the ebullated bed and thereby provides fouling-free operation of the reactor

Abstract: A rotary kiln is formed by a helical tube secured inside a cylindrical shell, and fitted with flow spoiler baffles between each turn of the helical tube. Inside the helical tube, one solid particle stream flows uphill in the manner of the classical Archimedes screw. Another stream of particles is tumbled by the flow spoiler baffles and flows under gravity downhill through the center of the helical tube, tumbling over the successive convolutions of the helical tube. This downhill flow occurs because the particles collide with the interflute spoiler baffles, tumble and fall off the helical flutes, thus causing the countercurrent flow. A wide range of surface-to-volume ratios of, and heat transfer through, the helical tube may be achieved by a proper design of the relative width of the tube. This helical tube in a drum device provides heat transfer for a varied number of process applications, such as oil shale or tar sands retorting. Oil vapor is generated in one stream responsive to the heat of combustion or gasification of the spent char in the counterflowing stream. Heat from the combustion and the sensible heat of the ash is transferred through the wall of the helical tube to the inflowing stream with no stream intermixing.

Abstract: An electric domestic oven includes an air exhaust channel above the exit from a catalytic reactor. A depression baffle is located in the air exhaust channel to provide a suction orifice in the area of the catalyser unit to draw cooling and cleaning gases from the cooking compartment. The depression baffle has a curved upstream portion and a ramp-shaped downstream portion. A deflector may be placed above the baffle in the channel.

Abstract: Three series of tests are performed to evaluate the effects of tube to tube-support-plate (TSP) clearance on tube dynamic characteristics and instability phenomena for tube arrays in crossflow. Test results show that, for relatively large clearances, tubes may possess TSP-inactive modes in which the tubes rattle inside some of the tube-support-plate holes, and that the natural frequencies of TSP-inactive modes are lower than those of TSP-active modes, in which the support plates provide knife-edge type support. Tube response characteristics associated with TSP-inactive modes are sensitive to tube-to-TSP clearance, TSP thickness, excitation amplitude, tube alignment, and the fluid inside the clearance. In addition, tube response is intrinsically nonlinear, with the dominance of TSP-inactive or TSP-active modes depending on the magnitudes of different system parameters. In general, such a system is difficult to model; only a full-scale test can provide all the necessary characteristics. A tube array supported by TSPs with relatively large clearances may be subjected to dynamic instability in some of the TSP-inactive modes; tube response characteristics and impact forces on TSPs for a tube row are studied in detail in this report. Tube displacements associated with the instability of a TSP-inactive mode are small; however, impacts of the tube against TSPs may result in significant damage in a relatively short time.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for controlling the flow of air through the air-fuel mixing device for a turbojet engine. The system simultaneously controls the amount of air passing through turbulence generating baffles and that passing into the combustion chamber depending upon the operating conditions of the turbojet engine.

Abstract: A fluid flow baffle (10) is described particularly adapted for fuel processors of the type having closely adjacent inlet and outlet flow ports (18,19). The fluid flow baffle (10) separates incoming fuel from treated fuel to prevent contamination of the fuel processor's filter device (28) by heavy contaminants and water entrained within the incoming fuel. The baffle (10) further improves the thermal efficiency of the fuel processor device by acting as an insulating barrier and by providing optimal flow patterns for the incoming and heated fuel. Several embodiments of the fuel flow baffle (10) are described, one adapted for one type of fuel processor in which fuel flows through the filter element (28) in a radially inward direction. Another embodiment relates to a baffle (10) intended for use in another type of fuel processor having a fuel flow direction in a radially outward direction.

Abstract: A diving snorkel assembly (10) including a snorkel tube (12) having an air inlet end (14) and a mouthpiece (16) The snorkel tube (12) defines a fluid passageway (18) extending between the end (14) of the tube (12) and the mouthpiece (16) An exhaust valve (24) is disposed between the mouthpiece (16) and the end (14) of the tube (12) for allowing one-way exhaust of fluid from the fluid passageway (18) An exhaust baffle (26) extends across the fluid passageway (18) adjacent to the exhaust valve (24) for establishing an exhaust fluid flow from the mouthpiece (16) through the fluid passageway (18) toward the exhaust valve (24) in response to air pressure from the mouthpiece (16)

Abstract: An improved mist eliminator for use in a column and a method for removing liquid from a gas stream, which mist eliminator comprises a plurality of spaced apart chevron-type baffle members, the baffle members defining a plurality of gas flow paths therebetween and transversely disposed to the axis of the column, the upstream leading edge of the chevron-type baffle members characterized by a plurality of downwardly extending drainage teeth or points thereon to promote the rapid drainage of coalescent liquid from the chevron-type baffle members thereby increasing the critical or maximum allowable velocity of the gas stream and the gas capacity of the chevron-type baffle members and decreasing the pressure drop across the mist eliminator.

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain the inflow structure of the multi-tube type heat exchanger, which improves the low abrasion property and vibration preventing property of heat transfer tubes and uniforms the balance of heat transfer characteristics of respective parts of each heat transfer tube, by a method wherein the notched sections of baffle plates for flowing cylinder side fluid into the axial direction of heat transfer tube group meandering in zigzag are provided inside a fluid guide cylinder in the flow of the cylinder side fluid. CONSTITUTION:The cylinder side fluid enters into the heat exchanger through a cylinder side fluid inlet nozzle 1, collides against the fluid guide cylinder 2' and flows along the inner peripheral part of the cylinder 3. Then, a part of the fluid flows through a space between the cylinder 3 and the fluid guide cylinder 2' under climbing over the cylinder 2' and the other part thereof flows through holes 13, thus all of it flows into the group of heat transfer tubes 4. Further, the cylinder side fluid flows through the heat transfer tube group 4 into the direction opposing to the flow direction in the inlet nozzle 1 and flows into the meandering flow section consisting of the first baffle plate 5 and the second baffle plate 5' through the notched section 12. Thereafter, the cylinder side fluid flows meandering through the heat transfer tube group 4 sequentially since numbers of baffle plates 5 are equipped and, then, flows out of a cylinder side fluid outlet nozzle 8.

Abstract: An improved, grid-type flow distribution baffle for both providing lateral support for an array of heat exchange tubes and for generating a sludge-sweeping water current within a steam generator is disclosed herein. Generally, the improved baffle comprises a plurality of grid members for defining an array of square, tube-capturing cells, wherein each wall of the cell is closely adjacent and contactable with the side of the tube. Each of the cells is circumscribed by a flange at one of its ends which includes a substantially circular opening for allowing the tube to extend through the cell. The flange includes four flat portions spaced 90° apart for rendering the flange flush with the center portion of each of the square walls which form the cells of the baffle. These flat portions allow the flange to closely circumscribe the tube without coming into contact with it, thereby avoiding "point contact" between the flange and the tube. The improved baffle finds particular use when mounted over the tubesheet of a nuclear steam generator. The flanges which closely circumscribe each of the tubes create enough current-diverting fluid resistance within the baffle so that a relatively rapid, sludge-sweeping radial flow of water is directed over the tubesheet. However, a sufficient amount of space is left between the flanges and their respective tubes so that a sufficient amount of water flows through these cells to prevent localized boiling from occurring therein.

Abstract: The objective of this study is to determine whether or not a solid trailing edge is required to produce efficient coupling between sound and instability waves in a shear layer. Instability waves in the shear layer of a subsonic jet, excited externally by a point sound source, were first visualized by using a phase-locked flow visualization technique. Various means were adopted to shield the sound reaching the nozzle lip. It was found that the low frequency sound couples more efficiently at distances downstream of the nozzle exit. To substantiate the findings further, a supersonic screeching jet was tested such that it passed through a small opening in a baffle placed parellel to the exit plane. The measured feedback or screech frequencies, and also the excited flow disturbances, were found to change drastically on traversing the baffle axially. Similar conclusions were reached when a second baffle was placed downstream of the first baffle, and the effects of moving the first baffle on the feedback frequency of sound generated by flow impingement on the second baffle were examined. It is argued that sound waves passing through the mixing layer of a jet can excite flow instability without the benefit of assistance and coupling at the trailing edge.

Abstract: An improved nonwoven-sheet-making apparatus includes an improved rotatable baffle which has a conical section that whose axis is displaced from the axis of rotation of the baffle. In preferred operation, the baffle deflects, spreads and oscillates a fiber stream as it advances from a spinneret to a moving receiver on which the stream fibers are deposited to form a ribbon which is overlapped with like-formed ribbons to form a sheet. The apparatus is particularly useful in making a less ropy more uniform sheet of flash-spun plexifilamentary strands.

Abstract: Liquid-vapor phase separation in reservoirs for cryogenic liquid propellants in space vehicles at zero gravity conditions is achieved through a system including a unique heat exchanger A mixed phase inlet stream is partially separated by centrifugal force imparted to the stream by swirl inducers as the stream enters the inlet of the heat exchanger Lesser density components are provided to the interior of a spiralled tube forming part of a heat exchanger to be condensed therein by the higher density components which are applied to such tube within the heat exchanger Heat transfer efficiency is maximized by making the tube of rectangular cross section and providing liquid impingement jets active on three sides of the tube and by providing a baffle which forces the heat transfer fluid to further cool the tube by convection on the remaining side thereof

Abstract: The lightweight underwater acoustic baffle with enhanced performance chareristics particularly at low frequencies is provided by a stiffened resistive screen means affixed in front of a compliant material for allowing the baffle to reflect on the compliant side and on the screen side, a rigid irregular shaped material means with a primary open surface area affixed to the screen as a means for attaining maximum stiffness with a minimum weight, a compliant means affixed behind the screen means, a water fluid sealing and container means within the baffle means for suffusing the stiffening core area and its attached screen for generating miniscule acoustic resistance in the screen and producing a greater impedance mismatch thus enhancing the insertion loss and baffle performance, and, an attachment affixed to the container means for attachment to a vessel.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an air-intake arrangement for a two-stroke engine for use in hand-guided, engine-driven apparatus such as motor-driven chain saws. The air-intake arrangement includes an air filter and a baffle wall for guiding fuel particles that are buffeted back out of the air induction channel by the engine. The baffle wall has a curvature to define a deflector to redirect the fuel particles in a largely gaseous state towards the carburetor. The arrangement provides an optimum air-fuel mixture which is not overrich and a trouble-free operation of the engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a wiper arm in which the articulated part also fulfils the function of a contact element which offers a baffle surface to the air stream which is striking it, said air stream flowing over said baffle surface and at the same time pressing the wiper arm in the direction of the window to be cleaned. As a result, even at high speeds a wiping pattern is ensured which is satisfactory at any time.

Abstract: A vibration and shock resistant finned tube counter-flow heat exchanger crising a rigid support member wound about the inner wall of the heat exchanger shell at the same pitch as the finned tube windings, and a radial bumper support, affixed to the unsupported end of the heat exchanger shell and providing a radial space between the concentric shells of the heat exchanger and an anterior insulating shell.