Abstract: A controller for a display device includes a formatter and a processor. The formatter generates a predetermined arrangement of left and right image data included in a three-dimensional (3D) video signal. The processor controls operation of one or more backlight lamps of a display device based on the predetermined arrangement of left and right image data and a detected temperature.

Abstract: Today’s most prevalent information display technology is the liquid crystal display (LCD). Unfortunately, LCDs are energy ineffi cient, as most of the backlight energy (around 75%) is lost to the orthogonal polarizers. Here, we demonstrate a novel energy recycling concept called polarizing organic photovoltaics (ZOPVs), which can potentially boost the function of an LCD by working simultaneously as a polarizer, a photovoltaic device and an ambient light or sunlight photovoltaic panel. The ZOPV fi lm was created by the uniaxial orientation of an organic conjugated polymer. A novel inverted quasibilayer structure was used to produce ZOPV devices. Signifi cant anisotropic optical and photovoltaic effects were obtained, indicating the great potential of ZOPV as a promising green technology. As an electromagnetic wave (EM), light can be divided into two linear oscillation components: the parallel (//) and perpendicular (⊥) polarizations. [ 1 ] They can be separated by a linear polarizer to provide linear polarized light, [ 2 ] and have vast applications. One of the most prevalent applications is for LCD technology. [ 3 ] Figure 1 a shows schematically the construction of LCD panels. The fundamental principle underpinning LCD operation is the modulation of light using a combination of two orthogonal polarizers with liquid crystal molecules between these two polarizers to form light valves. Currently, the most commonly used linear polarizer is the absorptive polarizer, which absorbs and wastes the unwanted polarization component while allowing the other component to be transmitted. From an energy point of view, these absorptive polarizers in LCDs are rather ineffi cient as far as the usage of the backlight photons is concerned. The power consumption of the backlight units takes up approximately 80–90% of the total power consumption in LCD modules. [ 4 ] Unfortunately, most of the backlight energy is lost to these absorptive polarizers (75%). This loss is at a maximum when the pixel displays the color black (this is when the polarizers are completely crossed), since the backlight is still fully on. In this work, we innovate on the biggest energy loss component, the polarizers, by turning the polarizer into an energy-generating photovoltaic (PV) unit, creating a polarizing organic photovoltaic device (we use the acronym ZOPV in this manuscript rather than POPV, which is often used to refer to polymer organic photovoltaics). A unique advantage of the organic conjugated materials is that the molecular chains can be easily oriented, leading to anisotropic response to polarized incident light. [ 5–8 ] This feature makes organic PV systems superior to inorganic PV or organic-hybrid PV systems [ 9 ] for the purpose of polarizing PV. ZOPV devices integrated into an LCD panel (Figure 1 b) have three potential benefi ts: i) polarization, whereby the EM wave component with an electric fi eld perpendicular to the oriented molecular chain ( s -mode polarized light [ 7 ] ) propagates through the fi lm without absorption, serving its conventional role in LCDs; ii) as a PV device, the ZOPV fi lm harvests the EM wave component parallel to the molecular chain orientation ( p -mode polarized light, which is absorbed and wasted in a conventional LCD), converting it into electricity; and iii) ambient light or sunlight PV panel, when the ZOPV device is integrated into the LCD panel, its photovoltaic function remains even when the LCD panel is not in use, producing electricity through conversion of photons from ambient light or sunlight. [ 10 ]

Abstract: Unlike liquid crystal display (LCD) panels that require high-intensity backlight, organic LED (OLED) display panels naturally consume low power and provide high image quality thanks to their self-illuminating characteristic. In spite of this fact, the OLED display panel is still the dominant power consumer in battery-operated devices. As a result, there have been many attempts to reduce the OLED power consumption. Since power consumption of any pixel of the OLED display depends on the color that it displays, previous power saving methods change the pixel color subject to a tolerance level on the color distortion specified by the users. In practice, the OLED power saving techniques cannot be used on common user applications such as photo viewers and movie players. This paper introduces the first OLED power saving technique that does not result in a significant degradation in the color and luminance values of the displayed image. The proposed technique is based on dynamic (driving) voltage scaling (DVS) of the OLED panel. Although the proposed DVS technique may degrade luminance of the panel, the panel luminance can be restored with appropriate image compensation. Consequently, power is saved on the OLED display panel with only minor changes in the color and luminance of the image. This technique is similar to dynamic backlight scaling of LCDs, but is based on the unique characteristics of the OLED drivers. The proposed method saves wasted power in the driver transistor and the internal resistance with an amplitude modulation driver, and in the internal resistance with a pulse width modulation driver, respectively. Experimental results show that the proposed OLED DVS with image compensation technique saves up to 52.5% of the OLED power while keeping the same human-perceived image quality for the Lena image.

Abstract: In light-emitting diode (LED) applications, it is becoming a big issue that how to optimize light intensity distribution curve (LIDC) and design corresponding optical component to achieve uniform illumination when distance-height ratio (DHR) is given. A new reversing design method is proposed to solve this problem, including design and optimization of LIDC to achieve high uniform illumination and a new algorithm of freeform lens to generate the required LIDC by LED light source. According to this method, two new LED modules integrated with freeform lenses are successfully designed for slim direct-lit LED backlighting with thickness of 10mm, and uniformities of illuminance increase from 0.446 to 0.915 and from 0.155 to 0.887 when DHRs are 2 and 3 respectively. Moreover, the number of new LED modules dramatically decreases to 1/9 of the traditional LED modules while achieving similar uniform illumination in backlighting. Therefore, this new method provides a practical and simple way for optical design of LED uniform illumination when DHR is much larger than 1.

Abstract: A light guide device can provide a backlight for an LCD or a projection display. The light guide device includes a light-input end and an opposing end, opposing left and right sides which join the light-input end and the opposing end, and opposing front and back surfaces which join the light- input end and the opposing end. A birefringent film is provided on the opposing left and right sides of the light guide which switches a polarization of incident light. Incident light is provided at the light-input end having a right-handed circular polarization, in addition to light having a left-handed circular polarization. Light emitted from the front surface passes through a linear polarizer which selectively passes light to allow privacy of viewing by a user. The incident light can be provided at the light- input end using one or more cuboid rods, slab light guides, or discrete light sources.

Abstract: An image display device and a method for operating the same are disclosed. The method for operating the image display device including a plurality of backlight lamp includes receiving a 3-Dimensional (3D) image, alternately aligning the left-eye image and the right-eye image of the 3D image, and displaying any one of the aligned left- and right-eye images if a display switching signal for switching the 3D image to a 2-Dimensional (2D) image is input. In the displaying step, the backlight lamps are turned on in synchronization with any one of the aligned left- and right-eye images. Accordingly, it is possible to easily view the 3D image as the 2D image.

Abstract: Methods and devices to conserve power on a mobile device determine an active region on a display and dimming a portion of the display backlight corresponding to the non-active regions The method includes detecting an active region and a non-active region on a display The detection may be based on a user interaction with the display or processing an image of the user to determine where on the display the user is looking The method may control a brightness of a backlight of the display depending on the active and non-active region

Abstract: An optical plate includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The first surface forms a plurality of micro structures. A contour of each micro structure at the first surface is elliptic in shape. In a three-dimensional cartesian coordinate, a longer axis of each contour of each micro structure represent an X-axis, and a shorter axis of each contour of each micro structure represent a Y-axis. The contour of each micro structure is represented by follow equation: , wherein S, y0, A, xc, w1, w2, w3 and θ are constants. The second surface is plane. A backlight module using the optical plate is also provided.

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a backlight unit which can change the block size of light sources to be divided and lighted and has a high freedom, and to provide a liquid crystal display device using the backlight unit.SOLUTION: The backlight unit is provided with a light guide plate in which a plurality of projections of a stripe shape are installed in parallel on a main surface to emit light, a plurality of point light sources which emit emission light that enters on a first side face of the light guide plate along the parallel direction of the plurality of projections and propagates to the stripe direction of the projections, and a lighting circuit which controls lighting for every block including an arbitrary number of point light sources selected from the plurality of point light sources.

Abstract: A ultra-violet based color pixel backlight system for color filter-less Liquid Crystal Display, comprising multiplicity of LEDs, emitting UV or NUV light in the wavelength range of 150 nm to 390 nm, assembled at one edge of a UV transmitting light guide, which has other three edges and bottom surface coated with UV reflecting layer and its top surface roughened with UV and NUV extracting pixel patterns that contain layers of quantum dots that emit different colors of light in red, blue and green region with sharp spectrum, to increase the color gamut on LCD screen, upon excitation by UV or NUV light. The formed pixels contain reflective islands, underneath the layers of quantum dots, to reflect the visible rays, generated by the pixelated quantum dots, towards the LCD and suppress the visible light leaving the pixel as well as suppress the visible light from adjacent pixels entering the pixel. Thus suppressing the color mixing that could occur without the incorporation of reflective islands. LCD without color filters, a micro-lens sheet and the light guide with color pixels are placed in substantial alignment to provide a color pixel backlight system for LCD. Thus red, blue and green pixels of light from the light guide passes through the intended red, blue and green pixels of the color filter-less LCD, resulting in color pixel backlighting that enhances the optical efficiency of LCD as well as the color gamut on LCD screen.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical assembly, a backlight unit having the same, and a display apparatus thereof, and the optical assembly includes: a light emitting device; and a lens disposed above the light emitting device, and the lens has: a lower surface portion through which light emitted from the light emitting device travels inside; an upper surface portion that totally reflects at least some of the light traveling inside through the lower surface portion, downward to the side; and a side portion through which the light totally reflected from the upper surface portion is discharged to the outside.

Abstract: A backlight unit is disclosed. The backlight unit includes a light emitting device module, a reflective plate including at least two slopes configured to reflect light emitted from the light emitting device module to an optical member, and the optical member to transmit the light directed from the light emitting device module and the reflective plate (210). The slope (210a,210b,210c,210d,210e) located farther from the light emitting device module has a greater gradient with respect to a horizontal plane than the slope located closer to the light emitting device module.

Abstract: In embodiments of a transparent display backlight assembly, a backlight panel is operable as a transparent panel, and a light source generates light that the backlight panel directs from the light source to illuminate a display panel of a display device. Light refraction features refract and scatter the light, where the light refraction features are spaced for approximate transparency of the backlight panel and to illuminate the display panel. An active diffuser can be implemented as an additional transparent panel and operable for activation to diffuse the light from the backlight panel that illuminates the display panel.

Abstract: A backlight is disclosed and includes a visible light transmissive body primarily propagating light by TIR with a light input surface and a light output surface and a light guide portion and a light input portion. The light guide portion has a light reflection surface and a light emission surface. The light input portion has opposing side surfaces that are not parallel. One of the opposing surfaces is co-planar with either the light emission surface or the light reflection surface. A light source is disposed adjacent to the light input surface. The light source emits light into the light input portion. A reflective layer is disposed adjacent to or on the opposing side surfaces.

Abstract: A multi-view display device comprises a pixellated display panel and a backlight comprising an arrangement of light sources(30), wherein each light source, when turned on, illuminates an associated region of pixels of the display panel. A display controller is adapted to control the pixellated display panel and the arrangement of light sources such that a partial display output is provided comprising simultaneously a set of at least three 2D views with no repetition of individual 2D views. This arrangement provides an output with controlled illumination direction of the pixels so that view repetitions are avoided. The output can be a single cone of views, and the location from which the cone of views can be viewed depends on the relationship between the light sources of the backlight which are activated and the display panel.

Abstract: We introduce a hybrid backlight module, which consists of a hybrid light guide plate (HLGP) and a brightness enhancement film (BEF). The HLGP comprises functions of a conventional light guide plate, a reflector, and a BEF. The HLGP allows one-dimensional rays to be collimated. We add a BEF above the HLGP, and let the crossed-dimension rays to be collimated. Comparing with the conventional edge-lit backlight module, the optical efficiency improves to 1.3-times and the on-axis luminance improves to 3.7-times by using the hybrid backlight module.

Abstract: Microreplicated light redirecting films suitable for use in autostereoscopic displays and backlights are made to incorporate at least one nanovoided layer whose interface with another layer forms an embedded structured surface of the light redirecting film. The nanovoided layer includes a polymer binder and optional nanoparticles, and may have a refractive index less than 1.35 or 1.3. The light redirecting films may be adapted for attachment to one or more other components of an autostereoscopic display, such as a display panel and/or a light guide of a backlight.

Abstract: The utility model discloses a back panel free type backlight module for a liquid crystal display television (LCD TV). The backlight module comprises an LCD panel (1), an optical diaphragm group (2), a light guide plate (3) and a reflective sheet (4) which are superposed in sequence from front to back; a plastic middle frame (5) is arranged at the periphery of the side surface of the LCD panel close to the optical diaphragm group; a front frame (6) is arranged at the periphery of the other side of the LCD panel; a back frame is arranged at the periphery of the side surface of the reflective sheet deviating from the light guide plate; the edges of the back frame bend and extend forward to form bending edges (9); the bending edges are connected with the plastic middle frame; backlight sources (8) are arranged between the bending edges and the peripheral end faces of the light guide plate; and a control circuit (12) controlling the backlight source and the LCD panel is arranged on the back frame. As a high-cost back panel is replaced by the back frame, the backlight module considerably reduces the cost on the basis of guaranteeing the installation requirement and the mechanical strength, thereby having favorable market prospect.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display (LCD) device are discussed. One monochromatic light is transmitted through a liquid crystal layer and converted into white light having a plurality of wavelengths through upper photo conversion layer, thus improving light transmittance of liquid crystal and reducing a change in a screen color. The liquid crystal display panel includes: first substrate over the backlight unit; a liquid crystal layer over the first substrate to transmit the one monochromatic light; a photo conversion layer over the liquid crystal layer for converting the one monochromatic light into white light; a color filter layer over the photo conversion layer for filtering the converted white light to display color; and a second substrate on the color filter layer.

Abstract: In recent years, low-power technology has had a significant impact on portable electronic devices; with mobile devices, the low-power circuit design has become the primary issue. At present, thin-film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT LCD) is widely used in handheld mobile devices. In terms of the overall system power consumption, TFT LCD power consumes 20%-45% of total system power due to different applications. The backlight of an LCD display dominates the power consumption of the whole system; controlling the backlight current to reduce the brightness and the contrast of LCDs can reduce the overall power consumption. However, this may cause significant changes in visual perception. In order to reduce the power consumption and eliminate the visual changes, the issue becomes: how to reduce the current by adjusting brightness and contrast in accordance with the current image. Based on content analysis, this paper proposes two new algorithms: the new backlight-dimming algorithm (NBDA) and the new image enhancement algorithm (NIEA). The proposed methods can, on average, simultaneously reduce power consumption by 47% and improve the image enhancement ratio by 6.8%. Moreover, the structural-similarity index metric (SSIM) is used to evaluate image quality.

Abstract: Various embodiments are disclosed that relate to display panel backlight systems that output light with a narrower angular intensity distribution than a diffuse backlight. For example, one disclosed embodiment provides a backlight system comprising a wedge-shaped light guide comprising a thin end and a thick end, the thick end of the wedge-shaped light guide comprising a linear reflector with plurality of facets, and wherein the backlight system also comprises a plurality of light sources arranged along the thin end of the wedge-shaped light guide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a flat panel display device, which includes a backlight system and a display panel. The backlight system includes a light source, a light homogenization mechanism, and a back frame. The back frame carries the light source and the light homogenization mechanism, and the light homogenization mechanism guides light from the light source into the display panel. The back frame includes primary assembling pieces, secondary assembling pieces, and a bracing piece for fixing a circuit board. The primary assembling pieces are connected through joining and use different thermally conductive materials. Further, the primary assembling piece includes a joint section that forms a reinforcement structure and a circuit board is mountable through a bracing piece. The present invention also provides a backlight system. The back frame and the backlight system of the present invention have a back frame of simple structure, reduce the expenditure of a back frame mold, facilitate heat dissipation, allow strength of the back frame to meet a desired requirement, improve fixing of circuit board, and save the material used for back frame so as to lower down the manufacturing cost of flat panel display device.

Abstract: This paper presents a new method for dynamic backlight dimming that uses multiple histograms for liquid crystal display (LCD) devices. The proposed multi-histogram-based gray-level error control (MGEC) algorithm considers the pixel distribution of an image using multiple histograms, thereby improving the image quality. Additionally, we propose several techniques to reduce the computational cost of the MGEC algorithm. In the experimental results, the average peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of the proposed method was improved by up to 8.144 dB compared to that of the benchmark method, while the power consumption was reduced substantially. In addition, when we applied the proposed techniques to reduce the computational cost of the MGEC algorithm, the computation time was reduced by up to 95.801% compared to that of the original algorithm.

Abstract: Microdisplays based on organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) achieve high optical performance with excellent contrast ratio and large dynamic range at low power consumption The direct light emission from the OLED enables small devices without additional backlight, making them suitable for mobile near-to-eye (NTE) applications such as viewfinders or head-mounted displays (HMD) In these applications the microdisplay acts typically as a purely unidirectional output device [1–3] With the integration of an additional image sensor, the functionality of the microdisplay can be extended to a bidirectional optical input/output device The major aim is the implementation of eye-tracking capabilities in see-through HMD applications to achieve gaze-based human-display-interaction

Abstract: In this paper, a novel two-dimensional adaptive dimming and current compensation technique with X-Y channels for light-emitting diode (LED) backlight system in LCD TVs is proposed . The proposed LED backlight has matrix structured LED modules with row and column switches to control the brightness of individual division block. It shows local dimming effects such as reduced power consumption and high dynamic contrast ratio even with much less number of LED drivers than that of the conventional two-dimensional local dimming method. Therefore, low cost and compact design of LED drivers can be achieved. This paper also contains a new adaptive dimming algorithm and image compensation technique for the proposed LED backlight system. Moreover, luminance difference among blocks caused by different I-V characteristics of LED and the luminance variation caused by temperature change are compensated by current sensing system. The proposed dimming technique is verified by simulation and experimental results based on a RGB-LED backlight of a 32-inch LCD TV.

Abstract: Systems and methods for improving color and brightness uniformity of an image displayed on a backlit LCD are disclosed. In one example, a correction map is computed and applied to the LCD pixel values. In another example, the voltage settings of the backlight source components are also corrected in addition to the LCD pixel values. For efficient hardware implementation, corrections are applied using function representation of a grid data transformation relating measured values to corrected values. In one particular exemplary embodiment, the backlight source is provided by a plurality of LEDs. In another exemplary embodiment, the display consists of a plurality of OLEDs wherein the light source and the display panels coincide.

Abstract: In first aspect of the invention, driving methods of gate interlaced scanning for color LCD are disclosed. This interlaced scanning involves powering odd gate lines sequentially first and then powering even gate lines sequentially, which can minimize the voltage polarity swing to reduce power consumption in source output block. In second aspect of the invention, driving methods of FSCLCD having an RGB LED backlight unit scanning with an increased LED lamp turn on time and reduced potential non-uniformity near modular light guid panel are disclosed. Novel driving methods of variabnt sub-color frame periods are also disclosed with various color sub-frames. In third aspect of the invention, a dual common electrode color LCD with a source driver IC block with lower driving voltage and lower power consumption in the display panel is disclosed, wherein each common electrode voltage has opposite voltage phase to reduce the source driving voltage.

Abstract: The utility model provides a backlight and a liquid crystal display device, which relate to the technical field of liquid crystal display and are invented in order to improve the heat emission efficiency of backlight. The backlight comprises a light source disposed on a light bar and a semiconductor heat radiation device. The semiconductor heat radiation device includes a P type semiconductor part, a N type semiconductor part and a power supply. The P type semiconductor part, the N type semiconductor part and the power supply are in a serial connection in order. The heat-absorption faces of the P type semiconductor part and the N type semiconductor part are adjacent to the light bar, and the heat-radiation faces of the P type semiconductor part and the N type semiconductor part are far away from the light bar. The backlight and the liquid crystal display device can be applied in the technical field of liquid crystal display.

Abstract: A metal line 731 is formed in a linear area S of an insulative substrate 720, and moreover a metal line 732 is formed generally parallel to the metal line 731 with a specified distance thereto. The metal line 731 is connected to an n-type semiconductor core 701 of bar-like structure light-emitting elements 710A to 710D, and the metal line 732 is connected to a p-type semiconductor layer 702. By dividing the insulative substrate 720 into a plurality of divisional substrates, a plurality of light-emitting devices in each of which a plurality of bar-like structure light-emitting elements 710 are placed on the divisional substrates are formed. Out of a plurality of light-emitting elements, bar-like structure light-emitting elements 710 that, even if cut off in a substrate dividing step, have no influence on a desired light emission quantity, are placed in cutting areas of the insulative substrate 720. Thus, even if bar-like structure light-emitting elements 710 that have been broken by cutting do not emit light, light emission is fulfilled by the other uncut plural bar-like structure light-emitting elements.