Topic
Atriplex acanthocarpa
About: Atriplex acanthocarpa is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8 publications have been published within this topic receiving 271 citations.
Papers
1 Jan 2006
TL;DR: This work focuses onhalophyte research and development: effect of salt on antioxidant defense systems in Ziziphus spp, and how salts of sodium, potassium and sulfate affect the germination and early growth of Atriplex acanthocarpa.
Abstract: Contributing authors.- Preface.- Foreword.- 1. How salts of sodium, potassium and sulfate affect the germination and early growth of Atriplex acanthocarpa (Chenopodiaceae) B. Gaylord, T. Egan.- 2. Halophyte eed germination M.A. Khan, B. Gul.- 3. Salt tolerance of some potential forage grasses of Cholistan desert of Pakistan M. Ashraf et al.- 4. Variability of fruit and seed-oil characteristics in Tunisian accessions of the halophyte Cakile maritima (Brassicaceae) M.A. Ghars et al.- 5. Salt tolerant plants from the great basin region of the United States D.J. Weber, J. Hanks.- 6. Role of calcium in alleviating salinity effects in coastal halophytes B. Gul, M.A. Khan.- 7. Calorespirometric metabolism and growth in response to seasonal changes in temperature and salt B.N. Smith et al.- 8. Evaluation of anthocyanin contents under salinity (NaCl) stress in Bellis perennis L. R.A. Khavari-Nejad et al.- 9. A comparative study on responses of growth and solute composition in halophytes Suaeda salsa and Limonium bicolor to salinity X. Liu et al.- 10. Alleviation of salinity stress of some Brassica species M. Ozturk et al.- 11. Saline tolerance physiology in grasses K.B. Marcum.- 12. Localization of potential ion transport pathways in thesalt glands of the halophyte Sporobolus virginicus Y. Naidoo, G. Naidoo.- 13. Cellular responses to salinity of two coastal halophytes with different whole plant tolerance: Kosteletzkya virginica (L.) Presl.and Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth X. Li et al.- 14. Eco-physiological studies on Indian desert plants: effect of salt on antioxidant defense systems in Ziziphus spp. N. Sankhla et al.- 15. Sabkha edge vegetation of coastal and inland sabkhat in Saudi Arabia H.-J. Barth.- 16. Analysis of the soil conditions in salt grass (Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene) wild populations in semiarid coastal zone of Mexico A. Escobar-Hernandez et al.- 17. Comparative salt tolerance of perennial grasses S. Gulzar, M.A. Khan.- 18. Commercial application of halophytic turfs for golf and landscape developments utilizing hyper-saline irrigation M. DePew, P.H. Tillman.- 19. Salt tolerance of floriculture crops C.T. Carter, C.M. Grieve.- 20. Utilization of salt-affected soils by growing some Acacia species M.Y. Ashraf et al.- 21. Soil remediation via salt-conduction and the hypotheses of halosynthesis and photoprotection N.P. Yensen, K.Y. Biel.-22. Mechanism of cash crop halophytes to maintain yields and reclaim saline soils in arid areas H.-W. Koyro et al.- 23. Halophyte uses for the twenty-first century N.P. Yensen.- 24. Halophyte research and development: What needs to be done next? B. Boer.
347 citations
TL;DR: Their contrasting life histories agreed with the theoretical predictions for the operation of the two mechanisms of species coexistence in fluctuating environments: the storage effect and the relative non-linearity of competition.
Abstract: The demographic variability and life history differentiation of two closely related shrubs (Atriplex canescens and A. acanthocarpa) were investigated in the Chihuahuan Desert, and the results were interpreted in the context of theories of coexistence in fluctuating environments. Demographic information was recorded during three annual intervals and analyzed employing matrix projection models. A. canescens had lower lambda (finite rate of population increase), higher longevity and generation time and slower convergence to a stable population structure than A. acanthocarpa. In favorable years for recruitment (those when, for both species, lambda > 1), the lambda of A. acanthocarpa was higher than that of A. canescens; in unfavorable years (when lambda < 1), the reverse was true. Regardless of conditions (year), A. acanthocarpa had a type 2 survivorship curve (constant rate of mortality with age), while A. canescens had a type 3 survivorship curve (declining mortality with age). Elasticity analyses highlighted the larger influence that fecundity and growth would have in modifying the lambda of A. acanthocarpa in comparison to that of A. canescens. In contrast, survival would have a larger influence on the lambda of A. canescens. Atriplex acanthocarpa behaved as an opportunistic species that benefitted from sporadic favorable conditions and declined rapidly when conditions deteriorated. In contrast, A. canescens behaved as a tolerant species able to withstand years when conditions were poor, but which could not gain any advantage over A. acanthocarpa when conditions improved. By each having a relative advantage over the other on opposite ends of the contrasting climatic conditions experienced in the Chihuahuan Desert, they are able to coexist. Their contrasting life histories agreed with the theoretical predictions for the operation of the two mechanisms of species coexistence in fluctuating environments: the storage effect and the relative non-linearity of competition. Based on these results, we conclude by speculating on the nature of succession in arid communities.
37 citations
TL;DR: Comparisons of chemical composition of armed saltbush and fourwing saltbush suggest that both species may provide nutritious browse for cattle and deer on saline rangeland.
Abstract: Armed saltbush [A tripkx acanthocarpa (Torr.) Wats.] and fourwing saltbush [A. canescens (Pursh) Nutt.] are browsed by livestock and white-tailed deer (OdocoUeus virginianus Raf.). The objective of this study was to compare the chemical composition of these 2 shrubs growing together in south Texas. Leaves and stems from the outer 5 cm of current year's growth of each species were randomly collected from each of 5 stands in November 1985 and February, May, and August 1986. Samples were analyzed for crude protein (CP), calcium, potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), phosphorus (P), and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD). Height and standing crop were also determined. Crude protein of armed saltbush leaves ranged from 32% in February to 19%o in August. Fourwing saltbush leaf CP ranged from 24% in February to 12% in August. Armed saltbush leaves and stems generally had greater P concentrations than fourwing saltbush. Calcium, K, and Mg concentrations and leaf IVOMD of the 2 species were similar. Fourwing saltbush had lower Na concentrations and greater leaf standing crop than armed saltbush. Laboratorydetermined values suggest that both species may provide nutritious browse for cattle and deer on saline rangeland.
33 citations
TL;DR: The high salt tolerance and higher Na accumulation of A. acanthocarpa make this species an attractive choice for reclamation of saline areas and the former species a good candidate for cultivation, especially under saline conditions.
Abstract: Atriplex species are tolerant to salinity and water stress and thus they are suitable for restoration of many degraded ecosystems. In addition, many Atriplex species offer good value as forages. We compared growth and leaf chemistry of Atriplex canescens, a well-known halophyte, and A. acanthocarpa, a poorly-studied species, as affected by salinity in a greenhouse study. Seeds and soil were collected in northern Mexico, the native range of these species. Plants were grown in pots containing native soil and irrigated with NaCl solutions of 0, 50, and 100 mM. Shoot growth of A. canescens declined 37% as NaCl treatments increased from 0 to 100 mM while shoot growth of A acanthocarpa was not significantly affected by salinity. The high salt tolerance of A. acanthocarpa was linked to a high accumulation of leaf sodium (Na) (7- to 13-fold higher than A. canescens). A. acanthocarpa had also higher growth rate than A. canescenes, making the former species a good candidate for cultivation, especially under...
20 citations
TL;DR: This study of this congeneric pair in the Chihuahuan Desert is the first to document a link between pollen limitation and species coexistence.
Abstract: Elucidating the mechanisms of species coexistence is a crucial goal in ecology. Theory suggests that, when resource abundance fluctuates, coexistence can be achieved if each species in a competing pair is better at exploiting resources at opposite extremes of a fluctuating resource spectrum. Nonetheless, the proximal mechanisms allowing coexistence remain largely unexplored. In a previous paper, we showed that the coexistence of two Atriplex species was facilitated by their varying demographic response (in survival, growth and recruitment) to fluctuation in water availability. Here we explore the effect of spatial distribution, and pollen and resource limitation on the reproductive success (production of viable seeds) of the same two species. An analysis of their spatial distribution showed that Atriplex acanthocarpa had a clumped distribution, which is thought to increase the effectiveness of pollination in wind-pollinated plants, while Atriplex canescens had a random distribution, a pattern expected to restrict wind-pollination success. A pollen and resource (water and nutrients) addition experiment implemented through a repeated-measures design demonstrated that seed viability of A. canescens was both pollen and resource limited, but that these effects were negligible in A. acanthocarpa. Under natural conditions, pollen limitation restricted seed number in A. canescens to only one-third of that recorded when manual pollination was performed. By decreasing its fecundity (and consequent potential seedling recruitment), pollen limitation reverses the competitive advantage of A. canescens over A. acanthocarpa when the limiting resource (water) is abundant and seedling recruitment takes place. To our knowledge, our study of this congeneric pair in the Chihuahuan Desert is the first to document a link between pollen limitation and species coexistence.
10 citations
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| 1988 | 2 |