Topic
Astronaut training
About: Astronaut training is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 237 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1273 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
10 Mar 2007
TL;DR: A virtual reality simulation of the Space Station Robotic Workstation is developed to investigate whether performance differences can be correlated with subjects' perspective- taking and mental rotation abilities and preliminary results show that both mental rotation strategies and perspective-taking strategies are used by the operator to move the robot arm around the workspace.
Abstract: Operator performance during Space Shuttle and International Space Station robotic arm training can differ dramatically among astronauts. The difficulty making appropriate camera selections and accurate use of hand controllers, two of the more important aspects for performance, may be rooted in a problem mentally relating the various reference frames used by the displays, hand controllers and robot arm. In this paper, we examine whether the origin of such individual differences can be found in certain components of spatial ability. We have developed a virtual reality simulation of the Space Station Robotic Workstation to investigate whether performance differences can be correlated with subjects' perspective-taking and mental rotation abilities. Spatial test scores were measured and correlated to their performance in a docking robotic task. The preliminary results show that both mental rotation strategies and perspective-taking strategies are used by the operator to move the robot arm around the workspace. Further studies must be performed to confirm such findings. If important correlations between performance and spatial abilities are found, astronaut training could be designed in order to fulfill each operator's needs, reducing both training time and cost.
90 citations
TL;DR: Medical aspects of Project Mercury including astronaut selection and training, results of laboratory tests and physiological data, and biomedical planning for space flights are discussed in this article, where the authors present a survey of the biomedical aspects of the project.
Abstract: Medical aspects of Project Mercury including astronaut selection and training, results of laboratory tests and physiological data, and biomedical planning for space flights
67 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Signs and symptoms resulting from extravehicular activity spacesuit training at NASA's Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory were mild, self-limited, of brief duration, and were well controlled by available countermeasures.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Astronaut spacewalk training can result in a variety of symptom complaints and possible injuries. This study quantified and characterized signs, symptoms, and injuries resulting from extravehicular activity spacesuit training at NASA's Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, immersion facility. METHODS: We identified the frequency and incidence of symptoms by location, mechanisms of injury, and effective countermeasures. Recommendations were made to improve injury prevention, astronaut training, test preparation, and training hardware. At the end of each test, a questionnaire was completed documenting signs and symptoms, mechanisms of injury, and countermeasures. RESULTS: Of the 770 tests, there were 190 in which suit symptoms were reported (24.6%). There were a total of 352 reported suit symptom comments. Of those symptoms, 166 were in the hands (47.16%), 73 were in the shoulders (20.7%), and 40 were in the feet (11.4%). Others ranged from 6.0% to 0.28%, respectively, from the legs, arms, neck, trunk, groin, and head. Causal mechanisms for the hands included moisture and hard glove contacts resulting in fingernail injuries; in the shoulders, hard contact with suit components and strain mechanisms; and in the feet, hard boot contact. The severity of symptoms was highest in the shoulders, hands, and feet. CONCLUSIONS: Most signs and symptoms were mild, self-limited, of brief duration, and were well controlled by available countermeasures. Some represented the potential for significant injury with consequences affecting astronaut health and performance. Correction of extravehicular activity training-related injuries requires a multidisciplinary approach to improve prevention, medical intervention, astronaut training, test planning, and suit engineering.
42 citations
TL;DR: Equations of motion are derived using the principle of conservation of angular momentum, aided by a systematic organization of the complex geometry providing roll, pitch, and yaw motions of the human body model.
42 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the demands on upper extremity use in the astronaut training program, the zero-gravity environment, the extreme temperature conditions of space, the effects of space travel on human physiology/anatomy, and the constraints and pressures of space suits and gloves all can negatively impact upper-extremity function in ways that can result in overuse/repetitive injuries.
Abstract: Hand and upper-extremity overuse and repetitive injuries in astronauts have been and continue to be a common problem in the space program. The demands on upper-extremity use in the astronaut training program, the zero-gravity environment, the extreme temperature conditions of space, the effects of space travel on human physiology/anatomy, and the constraints and pressures of space suits and gloves all can negatively impact upper-extremity function in ways that can result in overuse/repetitive injuries. Future plans for space exploration include endeavors that will continue and even increase the demands on the hand and upper extremity.
39 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 3 |
| 2020 | 7 |
| 2019 | 8 |
| 2018 | 5 |
| 2017 | 8 |
| 2016 | 8 |