Topic
Android fat distribution
About: Android fat distribution is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 433 publications have been published within this topic receiving 14344 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
TL;DR: For younger men, obesity, independent offat distribution, is a strong risk factor for coronary heart disease, and for older men, measures of fat distribution may be better than body mass index at predicting risk of coronary disease.
Abstract: Obesity, android fat distribution, and other anthropometric measures have been associated with coronary heart disease in long-term prospective studies. However, fluctuations in weight due to age-related hormonal changes and changes in lifestyle practices may bias relative risk estimates over a long follow-up period. The authors prospectively studied the association between body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2), waist-to-hip ratio, and height as independent predictors of incident coronary heart disease in a 3-year prospective study among 29,122 US men aged 40-75 years in 1986. The authors documented 420 incident coronary events during the follow-up period. Body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, short stature, and weight gain since age 21 were associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease. Among men younger than 65, after adjusting for other coronary risk factors, the relative risk was 1.72 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-2.69) for men with BMI of 25-28.9, 2.61 (95% CI 1.54-4.42) for BMI of 29.0-32.9, and 3.44 (95% CI 1.67-7.09) for obese men with BMI > or = 33 compared with lean men with BMI or = 65 years of age, the association between BMI and risk of coronary heart disease was much weaker. However, in this age group, the waist-to-hip ratio was a much stronger predictor of risk (relative risk = 2.76, 95% CI 1.22-6.23 between extreme quintiles). These results suggest that for younger men, obesity, independent of fat distribution, is a strong risk factor for coronary heart disease. For older men, measures of fat distribution may be better than body mass index at predicting risk of coronary disease.
937 citations
TL;DR: Severe obesity in children is associated with arterial wall stiffness and endothelial dysfunction, and low plasma apolipoprotein A-I, insulin resistance, and android fat distribution may be the main risk factors for these arterial changes, which are of considerable concern as possible early events in the genesis of atheroma.
884 citations
TL;DR: Sexual dimorphism in human body composition is evident from fetal life, but emerges primarily during puberty, where males have greater total lean mass and mineral mass and a lower fat mass than females, and these whole-body differences are complemented by major differences in tissue distribution.
881 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated sex and menopause-related differences in body composition and regional fat distribution, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in nonobese healthy volunteers.
763 citations
TL;DR: Android obesity is associated with enhanced lipid peroxidation and persistent platelet activation and these abnormalities are driven by inflammatory triggers related to the degree of abdominal adiposity and are, at least in part, reversible with a successful weight-loss program.
Abstract: ContextObesity, in particular abdominal adiposity, is associated with increased
cardiovascular morbidity and mortality through mechanisms possibly linking
the metabolic disorder to platelet and vascular abnormalities.ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical and biochemical determinants of lipid peroxidation
and platelet activation in obese women.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsCross-sectional comparison, conducted between September 1999 and September
2001, of urinary 8-iso prostaglandin F2α (8-iso PGF2α) and 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 (11-dehyhdro-TxB2) excretion levels in 93 women: 44 with a body mass index (BMI) higher
than 28 and a waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) of 0.86 or higher, android obesity; 25 with a BMI higher than 28 and a WHR lower than
0.86, gynoid obesity; and 24 nonobese women with
a BMI lower than 25. An additional study was conducted to determine the short-term
effects of weight loss in 20 of the 44 women with android obesity.InterventionDuring a 12-week period, 20 women with android obesity followed a weight
loss program to reduce caloric intake to about 1200 kcal/d.Main Outcome MeasuresPlasma C-reactive protein, insulin and leptin levels, and urinary 8-iso
PGF2α (marker of in vivo lipid peroxidation) and 11-dehyhdro-TxB2 (marker of in vivo platelet activation) excretion. Weight loss was
defined as successful when the initial body weight decreased by at least 5
kg after a 12-week period of caloric restriction.ResultsWomen with android obesity had higher levels of 8-iso PGF2α (median [interquartile range {IQR}] 523 [393-685] vs 187 [140-225] pg/mg
creatinine) and 11-dehyhdro-TxB2 (median [IQR], 948 [729-1296]
vs 215 [184-253] pg/mg creatinine) than nonobese women (P<.001). Both 8-iso PGF2αand 11-dehyhdro-TxB2 were higher in women with android obesity than women with gynoid obesity
(P<.001). Based on multiple regression analysis,
C-reactive protein levels and WHRs of 0.86 or higher predicted the rate of
8-iso PGF2α excretion independently of insulin and leptin
levels. Of 20 women with android obesity, 11 achieved successful weight loss,
which was associated with statistically significant reductions in C-reactive
protein (median change, 23%; P<.05), 8-iso PGF2α (median change, 32%; P = .04) and
11-dehydro-TxB2 (median change, 54%; P =
.005).ConclusionsAndroid obesity is associated with enhanced lipid peroxidation and persistent
platelet activation. These abnormalities are driven by inflammatory triggers
related to the degree of abdominal adiposity and are, at least in part, reversible
with a successful weight-loss program.
581 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 35 |
| 2020 | 25 |
| 2019 | 41 |
| 2018 | 21 |
| 2017 | 30 |
| 2016 | 28 |