TL;DR: In this paper, the average visible intensity of a pixel is calculated using a polygon clipper in a way similar to that employed by two known hidden-surface algorithms at each pixel and then the area weighted colors are returned as the value to be added to the other pieces in the pixel.
Abstract: In recent years we have gained understanding about aliasing in computer generated pictures and about methods for reducing the symptoms of aliasing. The chief symptoms are staircasing along edges and objects that pop on and off in time. The method for reducing these symptoms is to filter the image before sampling at the display resolution. One filter that is easy to understand and that works quite effectively is equivalent to integrating the visible intensities over the area that the pixel covers. There have been several implementations of this method - mostly unpublished - however most algorithms break down when the data for the pixel is complicated. Unfortunately, as the quality of displays and the complexity of pictures increase, the small errors that can occur in a single pixel become quite noticeable. A correct solution for this filter requires a hidden-surface algorithm at each pixel! If the data at the pixel is presented as a depth-ordered list of polygons then the average visible intensity can be found using a polygon clipper in a way similar to that employed by two known hidden-surface algorithms. All of the polygons in a pixel are clipped against some front unclipped edge into two lists of polygons. The algorithm is recursively entered with each new list and halts when the front polygon is clipped on all sides, thereby obscuring the polygons behind. The area weighted colors are then returned as the value to be added to the other pieces in the pixel.
TL;DR: In recent years, understanding about aliasing in computer generated pictures and about methods for reducing the symptoms of aliasing have gained understanding.
Abstract: In recent years we have gained understanding about aliasing in computer generated pictures and about methods for reducing the symptoms of aliasing. The chief symptoms are staircasing along edges an...
TL;DR: An expression for the system error of a narrow-band filter implementation that consists of two components, one due to the approximation of the desired filtering characteristics and the other due to aliasing, is derived.
Abstract: A narrow-band filter is inherently of high order, and requires a high computation rate if implemented directly. A multirate implementation can offer the advantage of much reduced computation per output sample. This paper derives an expression for the system error of such an implementation. This error consists of two components, one due to the approximation of the desired filtering characteristics and the other due to aliasing. An expression for the fixed point multiplication roundoff error is also derived. Design rules are suggested which fix the aliasing error at a specified level. Examples are given.