TL;DR: The matter became of increasing interest and importance because of the program sponsored by the Bureau of Air Commerce for the development of a small two-place airplane which, it was hoped, could be marketed at $700 assuming a quantity of ten thousand units could be released for construction.
Abstract: TH I S subject is one which can always be relied upon to start a discussion whenever it is raised in aircraft circles. Great differences of opinion will be voiced as to the relative importance of various factors, depending somewhat on whether the discussion is between persons in the (industry who are engaged in sales, engineering, design or factory work. The attitude of those outside the industry is usually quite supercilious with the intimation present that everyone engaged in the design, development, or construction of airplanes is a sort of prima donna. Therefore, because of the rather hazy information which seems to surround the subject, it appears in order to discuss the problems from several points of view in an effort to arrive at logical conclusions. The effect of quantity production on cost, particularly, requires study as in this respect more than in others, there exists a lack of appreciation of the variation which occurs. Recently the matter became of increasing interest and importance because of the program sponsored by the Bureau of Air Commerce for the development of a small two-place airplane which, it was hoped, could be marketed at $700 assuming a quantity of ten thousand units could be released for construction.
TL;DR: In this article, the feasibility of friction spot joining of aluminum AA2024-T3 (bare and alclad)/carbon-fiber reinforced poly(phenylene sulfide) is reported The process temperature and the microstructure of the joints were investigated Lap shear tensile strength as high as 27 MPa was achieved by using aluminum bare specimens.
TL;DR: In this paper, the microstructure and mechanical properties of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy joints joined by refill friction stir spot welding (RFSSW) were investigated, and the fracture mechanisms were observed by SEM (scanning electron microscope).
TL;DR: In this article, the inner cladding layer on alclad and extruded 2024 and 7075 was investigated by weight loss, loss in mechanical properties and depth of pitting over 20 years.
TL;DR: In this paper, an extensive investigation was carried out on FSW lap joints, including interface morphology and mechanical properties, and two materials, Alclad 2024-T3 and AI7075-T6, sheet materials commonly used in the aerospace industry, were joined.
Abstract: Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining process invented at The Welding Institute (TWI) in 1991. The ability to produce high-quality welds in high-strength aluminum alloys sets FSW apart from typical fusion welding techniques. The process has mainly been used for making butt joints in aluminum alloys. Development of FSW for use in lap joint production would expand the number of applications that could benefit from the technique. In this study, an extensive investigation was carried out on FSW lap joints, including interface morphology and mechanical properties. Two materials, Alclad 2024-T3 and AI7075-T6, sheet materials commonly used in the aerospace industry, were joined. Welding variables included welding speed, rotational speed and, of particular importance, tool dimensions. Examination of metallographic cross sections and failure locations showed a critical sheet interface present in all welds. Consequently, a second weld pass was added to eliminate the critical sheet interface. Results indicated FSW lap joints may, on the basis of strength, potentially replace other joining processes like resistance spot welding and riveting.