TL;DR: There is no consensus on whether there are headache precipitating and aggravating factors that differentiate migraine from tension‐type headache, and whether these factors are related to prior history of migraine or not.
Abstract: Objective.—We conducted the present study to determine whether there are headache precipitating and aggravating factors that differentiate migraine from tension-type headache and headache precipitating and aggravating factors that differentiate tension-type headache from migraine.
Methods.—We interviewed 38 patients with migraine and 17 patients with tension-type headache (diagnosed using International Headache Society criteria) by telephone, using a questionnaire. The questionnaire inquired about the following precipitating and aggravating headache factors: (1) physical activity, (2) straining, (3) bending over, (4) stress/tension, (5) coughing/sneezing, (6) fatigue, (7) reading, (8) driving, (9) lack of sleep, (10) specific foods/drinks, (11) alcohol, (12) not eating on time, (13) smoke, (14) smell, (15) light, (16) noise, (17) menstruation, and (18) weather.
Results.—The most common precipitating factors acknowledged by both groups of patients were stress/tension, not eating on time, fatigue, and lack of sleep. Weather, smell, smoke, and light were the precipitating factors that differentiated migraine from tension-type headache. Excluding those factors that are part of the International Headache Society migraine diagnosis, the aggravating factors were straining, bending over, and smell. We found no precipitating or aggravating factors differentiating tension-type headache from migraine.
Conclusion.—Apparently there are precipitating and aggravating factors differentiating migraine from tension-type headache but not vice versa. It is interesting that three of the migraine-specific precipitating factors (ie, weather, smell, and smoke) involve the nose/sinus system, suggesting a greater significance of this system in headache than is generally considered.
TL;DR: Hand eczema is often related to high‐risk occupations and aggravating exposures in everyday life and is twice as frequent in women as in men, partly because of diverse exposure patterns.
Abstract: Summary
Background
Hand eczema is often related to high-risk occupations and aggravating exposures in everyday life. The disease is twice as frequent in women as in men, partly because of diverse exposure patterns. Other gender differences may be relevant for treatment and prevention.
Objectives
To gain insights into the common features and differences between men and women with hand eczema.
Methods
The clinical disease severity of patients (n = 306) attending for dermatological treatment at two settings was assessed with the Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI). Self-reported medication adherence, aggravating factors, hand eczema-related consequences and quality of life were obtained from a questionnaire.
Results
Men and women had equal clinical severities of disease, with an overall median HECSI of 43. Self-reported medication adherence was equal between the genders, but, among patients aged > 40 years, more reported higher adherence. The impact of disease was larger in women than in men. Women reported significantly more aggravating factors and sick leave. Also, women had a more impaired quality of life than men at equal levels of disease severity, and this could be associated with the higher number of aggravating factors.
Conclusion
Gender differences in hand eczema need to be considered in the dermatological treatment and counselling of patients.
TL;DR: A high salt intake exacerbates conditions where there is already sodium and water retention; is the rate limiting factor for carcinoma of the stomach; contributes to left ventricular hypertrophy; and is likely to hasten deterioration of renal function and renal disease.
TL;DR: The results indicate thatAD patients with low total IgE levels differ in immunopathogenesis from AD patients with high circulating levels of total Ig E AD, and determines the pathogenic roles of staphylococcal superantigens in AD with low and high total Ige levels.
Abstract: Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is increasing among the elderly. Staphylococcus aureus colonization is one of the most important aggravating factors in AD. <
TL;DR: The stringency of the available evidence of epidemiological studies in both fields is questioned to warrant the consideration of air pollutants as confounding or aggravating factors in studies of specific effects due to noise (and vice versa).
Abstract: Different scientific groups have studied and continue to study the health impacts of physical and chemical agents in the environment. In most cases, every study group has considered the health effect as being solely due to the air pollutant(s) under investigation, for example air pollution without due regard for the simultaneous presence of noise pollution whereas both have an impact on the cardiovascular system. Or in the case of noise studies the contribution of solvent, asphyxiant or metal exposures has not been considered, which can have an impact on hearing impairment. One can, therefore, question the stringency of the available evidence of epidemiological studies in both fields to warrant the consideration of air pollutants as confounding or aggravating factors in studies of specific effects due to noise (and vice versa). In this paper we weigh the existing evidence on the association of noise and air pollutant exposure and associated health impacts. In forthcoming publications, the authors will consider the influence of other factors, which can confound noise studies but are currently not included in the analysis.