TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider finite affine planes having a collineation group acting as a rank 3 permutation group on the affine lines and show that if the plane has odd dimension or dimension 2 over its kernel, then it is Desarguesian.
Abstract: We consider finite affine planes having a collineation group acting as a rank 3 permutation group on the affine lines. By a classical result of A. Wagner, such affine planes are translation planes. We show that if, in addition, the plane has odd dimension or dimension 2 over its kernel, then the plane is Desarguesian.