Meet the Biology Open author guidelines from the start: a 200-word abstract, 3–6 keywords and Harvard references, with the section order laid out.
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Authored by Sumalatha Gangadhar | Published on 28 September, 2026
Use this Biology Open template when the manuscript has to match that journal before you upload it.
It is the writing shell for Biology Open: title and authors, the abstract, the body, declarations, figures, and the reference list.
A Biology Open submission has a title page with authors and affiliations, an abstract of up to 200 words, keywords, the main text for your article type, declarations, the reference list in author-date style, and figures and tables.
Open the journal's current author guide before you upload.
The sections a Biology Open submission is built from, in order: title page, abstract, keywords, main text, declarations, references, figures, and tables. It does not replace the journal's own checklist.
| Element | Biology Open requirement |
|---|---|
| Abstract | No more than 200 words |
| Main text | Organize sections for the chosen article type; no single overall word limit is stated in the accessible guide |
| Declarations | Ethics approval/consent as applicable; competing interests; funding; data availability |
| Figures/tables | Publication-ready; cited in order |
| Supplemental | Upload separately when used |
| Keywords | 3–6 keywords |
| References | Harvard reference style |
| Peer review | Open peer review |
| Submission | royalsocietypublishing.org/rsob/pages/for-authors |
These rules come from the Biology Open author instructions. Journals change limits without notice, so check the current guide before you upload.
No more than 200 words.
3–6 keywords.
Harvard reference style.
Open peer review.
Reference managers format Biology Open citations with the Company of Biologists reference style, with author and year in the text and an alphabetical reference list. Zotero and Mendeley list it as "Biology Open" in the open Citation Style Language database.
In-text citation: (Smith and Patel, 2021) for a two-author article, (Garcia, 2019) for a single-author book.
Reference list entries:
These examples show the pattern, not real sources. If the author guide gives a different rule for DOIs or for how many authors to list before et al., follow the guide.
Open the author guide once before you draft and once before you upload. Match a recent Biology Open paper for depth, headings, and figure style.
Then submit on the journal's portal, not from this page.