Wireless Sensor Network Security Based on Improved Identity Encryption

TL;DR: A lightweight security mechanism to ensure the data’s confidentiality and integrity of the data in ambient-assisted technology is proposed and the model is shown to adequately perform on all measures considered in the analysis.

Abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been among the most researched areas in the last ten or twenty years. Different sensor technologies and wireless communication contributed to the progress in this field, but two features of these systems are still insufficiently developed. These are data security and energy consumption. Data is particularly vulnerable during transmission, whether it is communication between nodes or between a base station and a server. One of the most promising solutions for this problem is data encryption. However, data encryption negatively affects sensor nodes' energy consumption, so there is a compromise between data security and energy consumption. Symmetric encryption algorithms are more effective than asymmetric for these applications. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is the most frequently used symmetric algorithm. This paper analyzes the performance of hardware and software implementation of the AES encryption algorithm on the sensor node. The hardware implementation is based on the integrated circuit ATECC608A, while the microcontroller firmware includes the software implementation. The analyzed parameters include execution time, energy consumption, and memory usage, for four working frequencies (8 MHz, 16 MHz, 32 MHz, and 64 MHz), and different supply voltages (2.6 V, 3.3 V, and 5 V). The results show that the hardware implementation works faster for the lower working frequency (up to 12 MHz). The execution time of software implementation is reduced approximately 50 % with doubled frequency, while the reduction is less, and inconstant in hardware implementation. The hardware implementation consumes more energy that software, and the difference rises with the working frequency. These differences are 20 %, 40 %, 60 %, and 75 % at the same frequencies considered for execution time analyzing. The hardware implementation occupies 4.58 % of the memory of the microcontroller (PIC18F45K22), while 10.13 % is needed for the software implementation. These results can provide a good starting point for choosing an appropriate encryption implementation method.

TL;DR: In this article, sediment is either loaded as bed-load with particles sliding, saltating, and rolling over the river bed, or as a suspended-load, where particles move with the turbulent water flow away from the bed.

TL;DR: The Substitution box (S-box) that is dynamic and key-dependent that is suitable for handling UNICODE text and shows better performance is presented.

TL;DR: In this article, chaotic compressive sensing (CS) encryption for OFDM-PON systems is proposed to improve the security of data transmission in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing passive optical networks.

TL;DR: This paper proposes adding a new security level to the TTIE algorithm called the Diffie Hellman Text-to-Image Encryption algorithm (DHTTIE), and tests and analyses the proposed algorithm.