Open AccessPosted Content10.1101/2020.04.14.039065

White matter hyperintensity-associated structural disconnection, resting state functional connectivity, and cognitive control in older adults

- 16 Apr 2020

TL;DR: In this paper, the relationship between WMH-associated disruptions of structural connectivity, resting state functional connectivity (RSFC), and cognitive control in older adults was investigated, and the role of circuit-level disruptions to the cognitive control network and default mode network that are related to WMH and impact cognitive control was highlighted.

Abstract: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are linked to cognitive control; however, the structural and functional mechanisms are largely unknown. We investigated the relationship between WMH-associated disruptions of structural connectivity, resting state functional connectivity (RSFC), and cognitive control in older adults. Fifty-eight cognitively-healthy older adults completed cognitive control tasks, structural MRI, and resting state fMRI scans. We estimated inferred, WMH-related disruptions in structural connectivity between pairs of subcortical and cortical regions by overlaying each participant9s WMH mask on a normative tractogram dataset. For region-pairs in which structural disconnection was associated with cognitive control, we calculated RSFC between nodes in those same regions. WMH-related structural disconnection and RSFC in the cognitive control network and default mode network were both associated with poorer cognitive inhibition. These regionally-specific, WMH-related structural and functional changes were more strongly associated with cognitive inhibition compared to standard rating of WMH burden. Our findings highlight the role of circuit-level disruptions to the cognitive control network and default mode network that are related to WMH and impact cognitive control in aging.

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1. What are the contributions in "White matter hyperintensity-associated structural disconnection, resting state functional connectivity, and cognitive control in older adults" ?

The authors investigated the relationship between WMH-associated disruptions of structural connectivity, resting state functional connectivity ( RSFC ), and cognitive control in older adults.

2. What are the future works in "White matter hyperintensity-associated structural disconnection, resting state functional connectivity, and cognitive control in older adults" ?

Further, their age range was relatively restricted and future studies would benefit from including a broader range of ages and comparing their findings to middle-aged and old-old adults.

Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study sample.

Table 2. Region pairs in which WMH-associated dysconnectivity score (0 to -1, more negative = greater inferred loss of connectivity) was significantly correlated with performance on the Stroop task after FDR-correction (q < .05). Positive correlations indicate that less dysconnectivity is associated with better performance. Also shown are functional nodes from the modified Power parcellation that overlapped with these region pairs and significantly correlated with Stroop performance. Note that some Power nodes are represented in multiple region pairs because they overlap with the boundaries from the atlas used to calculate dysconnectivity scores.

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White matter hyperintensity-associated structural disconnection, resting state functional connectivity, and cognitive control in older adults

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Most frequently asked questions

1. What are the contributions in "White matter hyperintensity-associated structural disconnection, resting state functional connectivity, and cognitive control in older adults" ?

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Citations

The Structural and Functional Neuroanatomy of Post-Stroke Depression and Executive Dysfunction: A Review of Neuroimaging Findings and Implications for Treatment.

Vascular risk factors are associated with a decline in resting-state functional connectivity in cognitively unimpaired individuals at risk for Alzheimer's disease: Vascular risk factors and functional connectivity changes.

Integrating multimodal connectivity improves prediction of individual cognitive abilities

Functional alterations in bipartite network of white and grey matters during aging

Disconnectome associated with progressive white matter hyperintensities in aging: a virtual lesion study

References

AFNI: software for analysis and visualization of functional magnetic resonance neuroimages

New advances in the Clinica software platform for clinical neuroimaging studies

Validity of the Trail Making Test as an Indicator of Organic Brain Damage

The organization of the human cerebral cortex estimated by intrinsic functional connectivity

Functional network organization of the human brain

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