Visual information processing during controlled hypoglycaemia in humans
TL;DR: Evidence shows that the early stages of visual information processing are susceptible to deterioration by general cerebral insults, and the disruptive effect of moderate insulin-induced hypoglycaemia on visual perception will have important practical implications in diabetic humans exposed to this metabolic stress.
read more
Abstract: Summary A general impairment of congnitive performance occurs during acute insulin-induced hypoglycaemia, but little objective evidence is available for disruption of more specific cognitive process. The effect of controlled hypoglycaemia on the early stages of visual information processing and contrast sensitivity was examined in a homogeneous group of 20 non-diabetic human subjects. Hypoglycaemia caused a significant disruption in general congnitive performance as assessed by a digit symbol task (P < 0.001) and the trail making B task (P < 0.05). Hypoglycaemia also produced a highly significant deterioration in performance on all of the visual information processing tasks, namely inspection time (IT) (P = 0.01), visual change detection (VCD) (P < 0.005) and visual movement detection (VMD) (P < 0.005). A significant deterioration in contrast sensitivity was observed during hypoglycaemia (P < 0.005). In contrast, no significant effect of hypoglycaemia was demonstrated on standard clinical measures of visual acuity or stereoscopic vision. Thus, although hypoglycaemia caused no detectable deterioration in visual acuity as measured by Snellen-type tests, a marked deterioration occurred in the speed of visual information processing and in constrast sensitivity. As many deceisions are made under conditions of limited perceptual time and low visual contrast (e.g. when driving), the disruptive effect of moderate insulin-induced hypoglycaemia on visual perception will have important practical implications in diabetic humans exposed to this metabolic stress. The present results are congruent with other evidence which shows that the early stages of visual information processing are susceptible to deterioration by general cerebral insults.
read more
Chat with Paper
AI Agents for this Paper
Find similar papers on Google Scholar, PubMed and Arxiv
Write a critical review of this paper
Analyze citations of this paper to find unaddressed research gaps
Citations
Cognitive Ability and Brain Structure in Type 1 Diabetes: Relation to Microangiopathy and Preceding Severe Hypoglycemia
Stewart C. Ferguson,Annette Blane,Petros Perros,Rory J. McCrimmon,Jonathan J.K. Best,Joanna M. Wardlaw,Ian J. Deary,Brian M. Frier +7 more
TL;DR: Recurrent exposure to severe hypoglycemia alone in young people with type 1 diabetes had no detrimental impact on brain structure or function over the duration of diabetes examined.
309
Influence of an early-onset age of type 1 diabetes on cerebral structure and cognitive function
Stewart C. Ferguson,Annette Blane,Joanna M. Wardlaw,Brian M. Frier,Petros Perros,Rory J. McCrimmon,Ian J. Deary +6 more
TL;DR: An early childhood onset of type 1 diabetes was associated with mild central brain atrophy and significant differences in intellectual performance in adulthood, implying that neurodevelopment may be adversely affected by EOD.
260
Delirium and long-term cognitive impairment
TL;DR: A review of studies published since Jackson's review confirmed that there is a link between delirium and LTCI, and discusses putative mechanisms and explanations.
255
Neonatal Hypoglycaemia and Visual Development: A Review
Nabin Paudel,Arijit Chakraborty,Arijit Chakraborty,Nicola Anstice,Nicola Anstice,Robert J. Jacobs,Jo E. Hegarty,Jo E. Hegarty,Jane E. Harding,Benjamin Thompson,Benjamin Thompson +10 more
TL;DR: The literature reviewed revealed no clear evidence for an effect of NH on the development of the eye and optic nerve, and it is currently unknown whether NH affects visual function in mid-to-late childhood when many visual functions reach adult levels.
The functional anatomy of inspection time: an event-related fMRI study.
Ian J. Deary,Enrico Simonotto,Martin Meyer,Alan Marshall,Ian Marshall,Nigel Goddard,Joanna M. Wardlaw +6 more
TL;DR: Functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain while performing a visual inspection time task revealed information about the neural correlates of mental events which occur over very short durations and suggested the existence of two networks.
168
References
Glucose clamp technique: a method for quantifying insulin secretion and resistance.
TL;DR: Methods for the quantification of beta-cell sensitivity to glucose (hyperglycemic clamp technique) and of tissue sensitivity to insulin (euglycemic insulin clamp technique] are described.
8.1K
The Wechsler Memory Scale—Revised
Gordon J. Chelune,Robert A. Bornstein,Aurelio Prifitera +2 more
- 01 Jan 1990
TL;DR: The Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) as discussed by the authors is a standardized measure of memory function that was developed to evaluate patients' memory functions in relation to their other cognitive abilities, and has been widely accepted as a standard for memory assessment.
1.8K
PEST: Efficient Estimates on Probability Functions
M. M. Taylor,C. Douglas Creelman +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, an adaptive procedure for rapid and efficient psychophysical testing is described, with maximally efficient trial-by-trial sequential decisions at each stimulus level, in a sequence which tends to converge on a selected target level.
1.2K
On the distinction between sensory storage and short-term visual memory
TL;DR: In this paper, a pattern made by randomly filling cells in a square matrix was presented for 1 see and followed, after various intervals, by an identical or similar pattern, and Ss responded “same” or “different.
1K