Using selective interference to investigate spatial memory representations.
TL;DR: Two experiments used a selective interference procedure to determine whether nonverbal visual stimuli were represented in memory in a verbal or spatial format, and results were interpreted as providing support for the notion that verbal and spatial information are stored and processed in separate information-processing systems.
read more
Abstract: Two experiments used a selective interference procedure in an attempt to determine whether nonverbal visual stimuli were represented in memory in a verbal or spatial format. A spatial representation was clearly implicated. In both experiments, Ss were required to remember either the positions or the identities of seven target items in a 25-item array. During the retention interval for that information, Ss attempted to recognize schematic face or airplane photograph stimuli in a same-different memory task. Memory performance on one or both tasks was greatly impaired when the recall task involved position or spatial information, but was either much less or not at all affected by an identity or verbal information recall task. Because of the selective nature of the interference and on the basis of certain correlational evidence, the experimental results were also interpreted as providing support for the notion that verbal and spatial information are stored and processed in separate information-processing systems.
read more
Chat with Paper
AI Agents for this Paper
Find similar papers on Google Scholar, PubMed and Arxiv
Write a critical review of this paper
Analyze citations of this paper to find unaddressed research gaps
Citations
Functional representations common to visual perception and imagination.
Peter Podgorny,Roger N. Shepard +1 more
TL;DR: The speed and accuracy of the responses to the probes as well as the functional dependencies of the reaction times on structural variables were essentially the same whether the figural pattern was imagined, remembered, or actually seen.
179
Auditory encoding in visual short-term recall: effects of noise intensity and spatial location
TL;DR: In four experiments, both the spatial location of speech noise and its intensity were systematically varied to determine how they influenced recall, and the results were consistent with the assumption that primary memory masking takes place in the preperceptual auditory store, which has been inferred from backward recognition masking studies, but were inconsistent from modality and suffix studies.
159
Investigation of student status, background variables, and feasibility of standard tasks in cognitive aging research.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate the validity of the practices of using college students and adults over age 65 in studies of cognitive aging, examine the influence of a variety of background variables on age trends in cognitive performance, and initiate the development of standard tasks to assist in the description of subject samples in cognitive aging research.
88
Interference and facilitation in short-term memory for odors
Heidi A. Walk,Elizabeth E. Johns +1 more
TL;DR: Recognition performance was best when the subjects free associated to the name of the target odorant during the retention interval, which indicates that the memory code for odors may incorporate semantic information.
References
•Book
Human Associative Memory
John R. Anderson,Gordon H. Bower +1 more
- 01 Jan 1973
TL;DR: In this paper, a theory about human memory, about how a person encodes, retains, and retrieves information from memory, was proposed and tested, based on the HAM theory.
2.4K
Pictorial and verbal encoding in a short-term memory task
TL;DR: In this article, the authors attempted to manipulate the encoding modality, pictorial or verbal, of schematic faces with well-learned names by manipulating S's expectations of the way the material was to be used.
195
An experimental study of visual imagination and memory
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that an irrelevant visual perception interferes more with verbal learning by means of imagery than does an irrelevant auditory perception, and that the relative interfering effects of these perceptions were reversed in a verbal learning task involving highly abstract materials.
127