Tornado structure interaction: a numerical simulation
T. Wilson
- 20 May 1977
Vol. 78, pp 19338
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of tornadoes on buildings are examined to determine the wind forces on structures, and the conservatism or non-conservatism on the ANSI approach is evaluated by simulating tornado-structure interaction numerically with a two-dimensional fluid dynamics computer code and a vortex model.
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Abstract: The effects of tornadoes on buildings are examined to determine the wind forces on structures. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) has developed guidelines for building code requirements for the minimum wind loads a building must be designed to withstand. The conservatism or nonconservatism on the ANSI approach is evaluated by simulating tornado-structure interaction numerically with a two-dimensional fluid dynamics computer code and a vortex model. Only external pressures are considered. The computer calculations yield the following percentages of the ANSI design pressures: rigid frame, 50 to 90%; individual wall panels, 75 to 200%; and wall corners, 50 to 75%.
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Figures
Fig. 19. Surface pressures for run No. 6. 
Fig. 9. Surface pressures for run No. 1. 
Fig. 22. Velocity vector plots for run No. 7. 
Table 10. Comparison of design pressures (psf) for run No. 6 of the tornadostructure interaction study. 
Fig. 11. Surface pressures for run No. 2. 
Fig. 14. Velocity vector plots for run No. 3.
Citations
A study of tornado induced mean aerodynamic forces on a gable-roofed building by the large eddy simulations
Zhenqing Liu,Takeshi Ishihara +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a tornado simulator was built and mean aerodynamic forces on a gable-roofed building were numerically studied, and the results from the data base of the straight-line wind tunnel showed satisfactory agreement with those directly calculated in the tornado simulator.
30
•Journal Article
Computer Modeling of Tornado Forces on a Cubic Building Using Large Eddy Simulation
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of a tornado on a cubic building is considered for three dimensional computer modeling work using the turbulence model based on large eddy simulation, and the force coefficients are plotted in time to study the effects of Rankine combined vortex model.
Computer Modeling of the Influence of Structure Plan Areas on Tornado Forces
Nashmi H. Alrasheedi
- 01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: In this paper, a computer simulation was used to distinguish between the tornadic forces and conventional Straight Line (SL) wind flow on a cubic structure, and the results showed that the tornado force coefficients were twice the SL flow force coefficients.
Numerical investigation on tornado-like flows and immersed bodies using vortex models
Miguel A. Aguirre,Alexandre Luis Braun,Armando Miguel Awruch +2 more
TL;DR: This study numerically investigates tornado-like flows and immersed bodies using vortex models, reproducing experimental flow conditions and analyzing turbulence with LES, and verifying vortex formulations with aerodynamic force coefficients on a circular cylinder.
References
The Exploration of Certain Features of Tornado Dynamics Using a Laboratory Model
TL;DR: In this paper, three characteristic features of tornadoes are simulated in a laboratory system and the associated flow is observed and discussed, including a characteristic surface pressure profile, a bulging deformation on the vortex core, and multiple vortices in a single convergence system.
365
A vortex in an infinite viscous fluid
TL;DR: In this paper, a solution for a viscous vortex in an infinite liquid is given, where similarity arguments lead to a reduction of the equations of motion to a set of ordinary differential equations.
133
Measurement of the Velocity Field in a Simulated Tornado-Like Vortex Using a Three-Dimensional Velocity Probe
C. A. Wan,C. C. Chang +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a three-dimensional velocity probe, incorporating hot-film anemometry, was developed to study the mean flow field of a simulated turbulent tornado-like vortex interacting with a smooth, flat boundary.
106
Axisymmetric Flows in the Boundary Layer of a Maintained Vortex
TL;DR: In this article, the three-dimensional flow in the boundary layer of a tornado-like vortex is obtained by alternatingly solving the two nonlinear boundary-layer equations for the radial and the vertical distributions of the velocities.
91
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