Thermodynamic, cloud microphysics, and rainfall responses to initial moisture perturbations in the tropical deep convective regime
TL;DR: In this paper, the precipitable water (PW) and ice water path (IWP) simulated by theGlobal Data Assimilation System (GDAS) are compared to those observed by NOAA'sMicrowave Surface and Precipitation Products System.
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Abstract: In this study, the precipitable water (PW) and ice water path (IWP) simulated by theGlobal Data Assimilation System (GDAS) are compared to those observed by NOAA’sMicrowave Surface and Precipitation Products System. Results show small root-mean-square (RMS) differences in PW but large RMS differences in IWP between the two datasets, indicating the existence of model errors in reproducing clouds. To examine thepossible linkage between the small PW and large IWP differences, three experiments areconducted with a two-dimensional cloud-resolving model in which the observed zonalwind and the GDAS-derived large-scale vertical velocity are imposed. The model initialconditions of PW are perturbed by ±10% in the first two experiments, respectively, whiletreating the third one without any perturbation as a control simulation. Thermodynamic,cloud microphysics, and precipitation budgets are then calculated from the zonallyaveraged and vertically integrated data at hourly intervals from these experiments. Resultsshow the generation of larger differences in the cloud hydrometeors and surface rain rates,with the given PW perturbations. This indicates that the model-simulated clouds andprecipitation are extremely sensitive to the initial errors in PW, primarily through thebiased condensation process.
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