The restoration of land

TL;DR: The emerging discipline of restoration ecology as mentioned in this paper provides a powerful suite of tools for speeding the recovery of degraded lands, and provides a crucial complement to the establishment of nature reserves as a way of increasing land for the preservation of biodiversity.

TL;DR: Different techniques of revegetation are available for temperate and arid, subtropical regions depending on the characteristics of the waste, including direct seeding with commercially available plants, use of cover and barrier systems and the enhancement of natural revegetations.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the potential for including nurse plants in restoration management procedures to improve the success rate of such projects, where restoration fails because of harsh environmental conditions or intense herbivory, species that minimize these effects could be used to improve performance in nearby target species.

TL;DR: A meta-analysis of 25 experiments concerned with species-rich grassland restoration on ex-arable land and agriculturally improved grasslands situated at a wide range of locations throughout lowland Britain found that species with generalist habitat requirements, and especially those associated with fertile soils, performed increasingly well with time.