The microbial pan-genome

TL;DR: The construction of VIRGO is presented, a human vaginal non-redundant gene catalog, which represents a comprehensive resource for taxonomic and functional profiling of vaginal microbiomes from metagenomic and metatranscriptomic datasets.

TL;DR: Molecular methods for detection, identification and genetic characterization of Salmonella associated with poultry and poultry products and the advantages and disadvantages of the established and emerging rapid detection and characterization methods are addressed.

TL;DR: This study assessed the genomes of thirteen representatives of Bifidobacterium breve, which is not only a frequently encountered component of the (adult and infant) human gut microbiota, but can also be isolated from human milk and vagina, and suggested that this number of B. breve representatives is sufficient to fully describe the pan-genome of this species.

TL;DR: This is the first study to report the widespread occurrence of gene presence-absence variation at a whole-genome scale in the animal kingdom and indicates dispensable genes usually belong to young and recently expanded gene families enriched in survival functions, which might be the key to explain the resilience and invasiveness of this species.

TL;DR: Over 1.2 million previously unknown genes represented in these samples, including more than 782 new rhodopsin-like photoreceptors are identified, suggesting substantial oceanic microbial diversity.

TL;DR: The genomic sequence of six strains representing the five major disease-causing serotypes of Streptococcus agalactiae, the main cause of neonatal infection in humans, was generated and Mathematical extrapolation of the data suggests that the gene reservoir available for inclusion in the S. agalactic pan-genome is vast and that unique genes will continue to be identified even after sequencing hundreds of genomes.

TL;DR: Mobile elements within genomes have driven genome evolution in diverse ways and are becoming useful tools for learning more about genome evolution and gene function.

TL;DR: The current review presents the available genomics and biological data on prophages from bacterial pathogens in an evolutionary framework to demonstrate that the chromosomes from bacteria and their viruses (bacteriophages) are coevolving.