Journal Article10.1016/0035-9203(95)90485-9
The epidemiology of snake bite in Central Province and National Capital District, Papua New Guinea
David G. Lalloo,David G. Lalloo,A.J. Trevett,A.J. Trevett,A. Saweri,S. Naraqi,R.D.G. Theakston,David A. Warrell +7 more
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TL;DR: The mortality rate in Central Province is 7.9 per 100,000; most patients die from ventilatory failure due to severe neurotoxicity, which might be reduced by increased use of compression bandaging as a first aid measure, earlier treatment with antivenom and earlier referral to hospital.
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Abstract: Snake bite is an important medical problem in some areas of Papua New Guinea and appears to be most common in the Central Province and National Capital District. The overall incidence for Central Province is 215.5 per 100,000 population, but Kairuku subprovince has an incidence of 526 per 100,000, which is amongst the highest in the world. The clinical pattern of envenoming also varies within the Province, suggesting that different species of snake may be responsible for bites in different areas. Most envenomed patients are bitten during daylight on the lower limb and are rarely able to describe the snake. The mortality rate in Central Province is 7.9 per 100,000; most patients die from ventilatory failure due to severe neurotoxicity. Mortality might be reduced by increased use of compression bandaging as a first aid measure, earlier treatment with antivenom and earlier referral to hospital.
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Citations
The global burden of snakebite: a literature analysis and modelling based on regional estimates of envenoming and deaths.
Anuradhani Kasturiratne,A. Rajitha Wickremasinghe,Nilanthi de Silva,N. Kithsiri Gunawardena,Arunasalam Pathmeswaran,Ranjan Premaratna,Lorenzo Savioli,David G. Lalloo,H. Janaka de Silva +8 more
TL;DR: It is estimated that, globally, at least 421,000 envenomings and 20,000 deaths occur each year due to snakebite, with the highest burden exists in South Asia, Southeast Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa.
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Snake-bites: appraisal of the global situation.
TL;DR: The present article is an attempt to draw the attention of health authorities to snake envenomations and urges them to prepare therapeutic protocols adapted to their needs.
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Snake venoms and coagulopathy.
TL;DR: Where available, antivenom is the most effective treatment, while standard treatments for other forms of coagulopathy, such as factor replacement therapy and heparin are either ineffective or dangerous in snakebite coagULopathy, except in specific situations.
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Snake venom components and their applications in biomedicine.
TL;DR: This review will focus on certain snake venom components and their applications in health and disease.
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Stroke following Bothrops spp. snakebite
TL;DR: The prevalence of cerebrovascular complications related to Bothrops spp.
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David A. Warrell,Davidson NMcD,Brian Greenwood,L D Ormerod,H M Pope,B J Watkins,C R Prentice +6 more
TL;DR: Spontaneous haemorrhage is clinically the most important effect of E. carinatus venom, causing the five deaths in this series, and it seems likely that a procoagulant action (direct activation of prothrombin) is principal effect on blood coagulation in man.
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TL;DR: In examining the relative importance of snakebite mortality in different parts of the world, the authors review the information collected concerning bothSnakebite mortality and the species of snake incriminated.
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The importance of bites by the saw-scaled or carpet viper (Echis carinatus): epidemiological studies in Nigeria and a review of the world literature.
David A. Warrell,C. Arnett +1 more
TL;DR: Perennial and seasonal fluctuations in incidence and mortality, the circumstances in which bites occurred and the types of people bitten were studied at Bambur, Zaria, Kaltungo and Gombe hospitals, indicating E. carinatus was the principal cause of snake bite morbidity wherever data were available throughout its wide geographical range.
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Incidence and mortality of snake bite in savanna nigeria
R.N.H Pugh,R.D.G. Theakston +1 more
TL;DR: From these findings, a yearly total of almost 10 000 deaths from snake bite in savanna Nigeria and about 23 000 deaths in West Africa is estimated.
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