Book Chapter10.1002/9781118104750.CH2
Source Localization: Algorithms and Analysis
Reza Zekavat,R. Michael Buehrer +1 more
- 01 Jan 2012
- pp 25-66
171
TL;DR: This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Measurement Models and Principles for source Localization Algorithms for Source Localization Performance Analysis for LocalizationAlgorithms and Conclusion.
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Abstract: Time of arrival (TOA), time difference of arrival (TDOA), time sum of arrival (TSOA), received signal strength (RSS), and direction of arrival (DOA) of the emitted signal are commonly used measurements for source localization. This chapter introduces two categories of positioning algorithms based on TOA, TDOA, TSOA, RSS, and DOA measurements. The first category works on the nonlinear equations directly obtained from the nonlinear relationships between the source and measurements. Corresponding examples, namely, nonlinear least squares (NLS) and maximum likelihood (ML) estimators, are presented. The second category attempts to convert the equations to linear. The chapter discusses the linear least squares, weighted linear least squares (WLLS), and subspace approaches. It develops the mean and variance expressions for any positioning method which can be formulated as an unconstrained optimization problem. The Cramer‐Rao lower bound (CRLB), which is a lower bound on the variance attainable by any unbiased location estimator using the same data, is also discussed.
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Citations
Contributed Review: Source-localization algorithms and applications using time of arrival and time difference of arrival measurements.
TL;DR: Improved methods for estimating the time-of-arrival of transmissions at receivers and transmitter location estimation algorithms may be applied across a range of applications and technologies such as radar, sonar, the Global positioning system, wireless sensor networks, underwater animal tracking, mobile communications, and multimedia.
$\ell _{p}$ -MUSIC: Robust Direction-of-Arrival Estimator for Impulsive Noise Environments
TL;DR: Numerical results verify that the ℓp-MUSIC methodology outperforms the standard MUSIC scheme and several existing outlier-resistant DOA estimation approaches in terms of resolution capability and estimation accuracy.
159
A survey on 5G massive MIMO Localization
TL;DR: An overview of the emerging field of massive MIMO localization is provided, which can be used to meet the requirements of 5G, by exploiting different spatial signatures of users.
152
Sparse Bayesian Learning Approach for Outlier-Resistant Direction-of-Arrival Estimation
Jisheng Dai,Hing Cheung So +1 more
TL;DR: A Bayes-optimal algorithm is devised for robust DOA estimation in additive outliers from the perspective of sparse Bayesian learning (SBL), which can achieve excellent performance in terms of resolution and accuracy.
150
A new constrained weighted least squares algorithm for TDOA-based localization
TL;DR: A new CWLS estimator is proposed to separate the source coordinates and the additional variable to different sides of the linear equations where the latter is first solved via a quadratic equation.
132
References
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Cooperative Localization in Wireless Networks
Henk Wymeersch,Jaime Lien,Moe Z. Win +2 more
- 16 Mar 2009
TL;DR: This paper describes several cooperative localization algorithms and quantify their performance, based on realistic UWB ranging models developed through an extensive measurement campaign using FCC-compliant UWB radios, and presents a powerful localization algorithm that is fully distributed, can cope with a wide variety of scenarios, and requires little communication overhead.
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Smart Antennas for Wireless Communications: Is-95 and Third Generation Cdma Applications
Joseph C. Liberti,Theodore S. Rappaport +1 more
- 01 Apr 1999
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide fundamental and practical information for practicing engineers, students, and researchers in industry as well as in academia to satisfy the growing demand for knowledge in two emerging areas: adaptive antennas (also known as smart antennas) and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) applications.
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